Vayikra - 6th Portion

Join as we learnish for Friday Parishes chapter 4 verse 27. Yesterday we learned about the different sin offerings that can be brought because of communal matters whether it's a leader the Sanhedrin the anointed. Today we continue with the sin offering of the individual. If a person, an ordinary person, a common person sins unintentionally, he was a regular person by transgressing any of the passive commandments of God, the shame and thereby incurring guilt guilt. Rashi 20 continuing verse 28 or if the sin has been known to been made known to him that he did something wrong will bring a sacrifice a goat a female unbllemished female one that he has done that he has committed Verse 29 will lean his hands on the head of the sin offering and they will slaughter the sin offering in the same place where the ascent offering is brought. 30 the co will then take from its blood with his finger and he'll put it on the corners and the protrusions of the off altar the ascent altar which is the outside and the rest of its blood he'll pour at the foundation of the altar 31 must remove all its fat as the fats was removed from the peace offering the coin will then bring all up as a sacrifice on the altar as a pleasing offering to God and the co will then be as an atonement for and he will be forgiven. Verse 31 referring to the goat that was brought by the peace offering because if you recall there was a sheep and goat that could have been brought out as a peace offering. So therefore he's referring to the one that was by the goat. Verse 32. If you would bring a lamb as a sacrifice as a sin offering, so too it should be a female unblenmished. He should bring verse 33 and he will lean his hands on the head of the sin offering slaughter as a sin offering in the same place where the ascent offering was brought. Verse 33. Even the slaughtering has to be for the proper intent that it was for a sin offering. Verse 34 will then take from the blood of the sin offering with his finger and he will put it on the protrusions of the outside altar and all its leftover blood he'll pour at the base of the altar. all its fat he will remove. Just like the sheep, the fat of the sheep was removed by the peace offering. So too it is done by the sin offering. The coin will then bring it as a sacrifice on the altar on the sacrifices on the fire of God and the coen will then be as an atonement for this fellow on the sin that he committed and he will then be forgiven. says that when it comes as opposed to the goat that there were less items brought on the altar. However, by the sheep more things were brought on the altar. For example, that this tail back end of the animal was burnt on the altar as well. So too when it comes to the sin offering when a person brings a female sheep to so then you have to burn the sheep the tail with all the other fats with all the other pieces on the fire of God and the fires that were made for the sake of God. Verse 36 I'm sorry 5 verse one. Now we go to another kind of sin offering which we would call the variable sin offering. These are cases where a person has to bring instead of an ordinary sin offering. This is a sin offering that a person would do according to his means as we're going to see as their variables and that's why it's called a variable sin offering because there are different events and situations which would deem fit or what would be considered the need to bring the sin offering. Chapter 5 verse one. If a person sins, what's the sin? By having heard a summon that they would come, they told to come and testify who and they are a witness or they saw they know about and the very fact that they do not testify because they denying under oath that either they saw it or whatever it may be because of that they have a transgression, they will bear their transgression. So over here as Rashi explains what does it mean they heard the voice of an oath the verse is talking about a person who has testimony that can help another person for example he knows that somebody owes money to somebody else and he doesn't want to come to testify something that he was a witness at that he took an oath that if he knows anything about this testimony he should come and say testimony about it and he does not want to come say testimony. Verse two, or of a person, if the person touched anything which may be impure, for example, a carcass or anything which may be spiritually impure, defiled or a carcass of a impure animal or in the carcass of a uh domestic animals or in the carcass of a crawling animal tummy which may be impure and it he did not know about it. So therefore, he still is impure and he also incurs guilty. What is this talking about? This is talking about a touching something which is impure where there is no prohibition. So why does the Torah say? So the Torah says as follows. After the person touches something that's impure. Well, what's the problem with touching something that's impure? What did he do wrong? Technically, there's no sin. But what happened was after he touched the thing that was impure, he wants to go eat from he went and ate holy items or he went into the sanctuary. This is if a person willingly knows that he is impure and goes into the sanctuary that is liable of a punishment of losing or shortening his life. as discussed in explained over here that there's different types of um in this in case where there's a whole technicality that the gamarra explains that if a person what part did he forget? Did he forget that he's not allowed to eat it? Did he forget that it's impure? Did he forget that that he himself is not impure? Did he know that an impure person is allowed to go into the holy temple? There's a whole calculation of what it may be in it. The whole technicality of what it is and that's why he uses the terminology vanelu. It was concealed from him meaning hatuma that he was actually impure and therefore and he went in and he was going to eat it. In all of these cases he in some of the cases he may be even exempt from bringing a sacrifice. What's the thing that he's guilty of? That means the thing that he is guilty of that he went into the holy temple or that he ate something that was holy while he was impure. Verse three or he touched an impure he touches somebody who is impure by a human whatever that impurity may be that he can make him impure but he was not aware of it and then he finds out and then he is guilty the tumod what does it mean the impurity of a man. This comes to tell me a dead body. This includes if he touched a z or a z which refers to a male or female who has discharge coming out of their body which makes them impure. And this case somebody who touches them they become impure as well. So there's three terms of interminology of impurity. So one in terminology of impurity is if he touches a dead carcass. Number two which is a human. Before we were talking about animals over here if he touches a male or female that's alive and they have a discharge and therefore they also become impure and touching them you become impure. Third case is if somebody who was intimate with a person who is a not allowed to be with at the time which that also makes them impure. If a person not only if a person touches but what happens if a person swallows a size of an olive of a bird that has not been slaughtered properly. So therefore you're touching it that won't make you impure. But the fact that he swallowed it made him impure. Vanel it was concealed from him. Meaning he did not know he forgot that he was even impure. other and then he finds out that he that he was impure and now he's guilty either because he ate something that was holy or because he went into the holy temple. Now then he remembers he's guilty at the time that he did it he was unintentional. He didn't know but once he remembers he realizes what happened. Another case verse four person He swears by pronouncing with his lips the intention to harm himself or to do harm to do good. Whatever a person expresses with an oath and this escapes him. He didn't realize by doing so he's obligating himself and now he finds out he's guilty at any of these things. What does it mean with his lips? That means this oath does not go on something you had in mind in your heart. You have to clearly say it meaning that he was going to do something which may pain and harm to himself or also cause benefit. For example, as the Talmet says, if a person says, I will eat or napkin, not sleep or a napkin asleep comes to include even something that he said in the past that I made an oath that I will or will not say that means it was concealed from him. He forgot about it and because of that he transgressed on his oath. He went against his oath. All of these cases are part of what we call a carbon which means a sacrifice which would talks about that a person gives comes to the terminology you give how much you can afford a rich person would give a lot so it goes up a poor person would give less so therefore it's going down so these sacrifices all go into that realm a sin and as we mentioned a variable sin offering it's variable because he would obligate himself to bring a sin offering however However, the sin offering would not be a a standard sin offering like we learned in the previous ones, whether it's a bull or a goat or a sheep. But this one goes according to the person's means and event and what he decid and what he gives. However, an oath that hasn't it the denial of money. It does not include in this type of sacrifice, but only in a different sacrifice and offering which we will talk about later on. Verse five. Verse five. When someone incurs guilt to any of these cases that we just mentioned and he must confess that he did something wrong that he committed those sins. Verse six, he brings his guilt to God that he's committed the cave. It has to be a female from the sheep. sheep or a goat sin offering will then atone him will be atoned from the sin that he committed. Seven. But what happens if a person can't afford to bring a sheep? Then he'll bring his guilt offering. It could be two um two turtle doves or two young pigeons to God. The reason why he's bringing two, one for a sin offering and one for an ascent offering. verse eight will bring those birds to the coin. He'll first bring the one that is for a sin offering first to he will then nip off its head with his fingernail from the back of its head. But he must make sure not to sever the it completely over here. The Torah says generally the Torah is telling us that sin offering comes before an ascent offering. Why is that? This is compared for example the defense that comes in in front of the court that comes to appease the king or the court. First what you need to do is you find an appeasement. You first got to apologize for what you did wrong. And after you apologize what you did wrong and you bring a gift then the gift comes afterwards. So too the first thing is the sin. The sin is asking an apology. After you ask the apology then you can follow up with the offering which is as a donation as a gift. He doesn't separate. That means when it comes to malika generally when it comes to slaughtering there are two parts. There are two veins that the two pipes that the slaughterer has to that the shet has to slaughter in order to be valid kosher which is the wind pipe and the food pipe. the trachea and the um esophagus over here. However, when it comes to malikica, when it comes to using the fingernail and when he nips the bird, only one of those pipes has to be uh cut, not both of them. And this way the the head does not completely fall off. What is that's the neck? That's where that's the top of the that's the top of the head of the bird that goes towards the neck. So it's the back it's the back of the if you're looking from the top of the bird it's the top the back of the head which connects to the rest of the back of the bird which we would call the neck mul against it. When you see the neck you're seeing basically the whole line of the neck and the back. So where you're doing the malika would be from underneath it against that area of the neck. Verse N. And then he will sprinkle from the blood of the sin offering on the wall of the altar and whatever is left of the blood will squeeze out towards the um base of the altar. This is considered a sin offering. However, when it came to the sin offer to the uh ascent offering which was the donation, it was not needed to sprinkle. It was only the squeezing out of the blood. However, when it comes to a sin offering to first of all sprinkle the blood and as well squeeze out the blood, he would hold on to the bird and sprinkle it while holding the bird in his hand and then the blood would spray and it would go onto the altar. assume it is a sin offering again that it has to be for the intent of a sin offering but if it was not for the intent would be unfit. Verse 10 the second bird he would bring as an ascent offering as mentioned previously in the laws pertaining to the ascent offering and the coin will be an atonement from his sin for what he has committed and he will be forgiven. The word like we mentioned all the laws particularly by the ascent offering of the birds which was donated in the beginning of this week's Torah reading. This concludes the Torah reading for Friday Pares Fikra.