Science Experiments for kids Fire Science with Dr. Shnitzel's Wacky Science

Heat. Heat. Welcome to my helpers Yasi and Kim. Many years ago when Dr. Schnitzle was in overnight camp, oh it was so much fun. I used to love going to overnight camp. We used to play sports and I learned so much. One evening our night activity director, his name was Can everyone say >> he was such a good night activity director and he said all of you come over here and together with us in our counselors. He gave each one of us a marshmallow on a stick here. This is for you. This is for you. Who likes marshmallows? Yay! I love marshmallows. Hm. So yummy. And he said, "Hold on a second. Don't eat it. First, we're going to go together in the forest and we're going to have a overnight." Oo, I love overnights. Told us that if we collect a whole bunch of branches, he's going to make a beautiful big bonfire and then we can take our marshmallows and we can roast them over the fire. So, I was thinking, who would like to roast their marshmallows over the fire? >> Me. >> Yeah. But hold on. on a second. What do we need to make a fire? Who knows what is fire? Well, fire is a mixture of gas and particles. And when it becomes very, very hot, it lets out energy in different colors. Blue, yellow, orange, and maybe some other colors we're going to learn about. But wait, who knows what things we need to make fire? Well, let me show you something very, very special. We're going to take this over here and we are going to put this down. And look what we have over here. We have here the fire triangle. Let's see. So, the first thing we need for fire to burn is fuel. So, here we have branches. Do branches burn? >> Yes. >> Yes. And here we have toilet paper. Oh, do toilet paper. Does fire burn toilet paper? >> Yeah. >> Yeah. Oh, I love toilet paper. I love toilet. Too much. Too much. Too much. We got to roll it up. We got to roll it. Actually, actually, hold on a second. Hold on a second. You didn't get Dr. Schnitzle's pajama hat. Here, this is for you. You get Dr. Schnitle's pajama hat. And here you're going to get another pajama hat. And your new name is not Yosi. Your new name is Babushka. Everybody say, "Hey, Babushka." He looks like a babushka. What do we have over here? Here we have special kind of liquids that are very, very flammable. This over here is lighter fluid. We put it over a barbecue. And here we have a very, very high alcohol, 95%. It burns very, very hot. So, the first thing we need is fuel. That's what we have over here. We have the wood, the tissue, and the liquids. And wait, look over here. What's the next thing we need? Anybody know? Oh, we need the fire to be hot. Can we start a fire on top of a piece of ice? Hashem made the fire and the ice in Maka's bured come together. But usually if we have ice and fire, the ice is going to cool down the fire and then the fire will not be able to last. The fire has to be very very hot. So we need over here something that makes friction. Take your hands, go like this and go like this. Very very hard. Is it getting cold or hot? >> That's hot. Everybody, let me see you doing this. That's called friction. That's right. And when we take a match Oh, look what we have over here. Hold on to this match. It's a big big match. When we have a match and we light it, we're going to get a very, very, very hot fire. But hold on, there's a third thing we need besides the fuel and the heat. Who knows what it is? Oh, oxygen. But wait, where are we going to get oxygen from? It's a kind of gas that's all around and we breathe it and everybody goes. Did you know that the air that's all around has 21% of oxygen? And over here I have a little balloon. I'm going to show you. First, we're going to blow it up. Should we try to blow it up? Let's try to blow it up. It's not going. You know why? Cuz we need to stretch it. Should we stretch it? What you laughing at? All right, let's try to blow it up again. Everybody go. It's not going. You know why? Cuz we need to stretch it some more. SHOULD WE STRETCH IT? THAT WAS MY NOSE TO MY NOSE. YOU'RE going to be red like a tomato. You're laughing at Dr. Snitle. Okay, let's really blow it up. Here it goes. Should we blow it up more? >> Yeah. >> Even more. >> Yeah. I don't want it to pop. It went flying. And you're laughing at Dr. Schnitzel. Oh, look what we have here. In here, we have a whole bunch of oxygen. So, when we take the three together, fuel, heat, something hot, and oxygen, we get a beautiful fire. Should we make a fire? We call that combustion. But hold on a second. Are we allowed to make a fire on our own? >> No. Even though there are three things: fuel, oxygen, and heat, there's a fourth thing we need before we use fire. Who knows what it could be? >> Oh, very fussy. Please give yourself a big tap on the back. Good job. Good job. We need an adult. Where is my adult? I think we have adult. His name is Shimine. Where is Shimine? Shimine, thank you so much for joining Dr. Schnitle here in our lab. We need an adult because we would like to make combustion a beautiful fire in a very safe way. But we can't do it without an adult. And you're our adult. So if you look over here, we have over here different fire safety things. Can anybody guess what those are? >> Fire extinguisher. >> Oh, I see a fire extinguisher. If there's a fire, we can grab one of the fire extinguishers and we can put it out. Right. And here we have a special fire blanket. You open it up. It's a big big blanket that you can cover the fire. So, this is going to go right over here. Shimine, you are going to be our adult and you are going to have the fire extinguisher and you're going to use your two eyes to keep an eye make sure everything is safe. If we ever light the shabas candles and who knows when else do we make a fire in Yiddish? Who knows? Hanukkah. We light the mana and we eat a lot of donuts. Who likes to eat a lot of donuts? I love donuts. Everybody say, "Love donuts." >> Love donuts. >> Yes. And when else do we make a fire? Burning the humid. That's right. We always have to make sure that we have an adult with how many eyeballs? >> Two. >> Two eyeballs watching to make sure that everything is safe. Thank you, Shimai. What we're going to do is we are going to make a complete combustion. For that, we're going to use all three of the fire triangle. First, we're going to have this 5gallon bottle, and we're going to take a little fuel, which is right over here. It's a fuel, and it's very, very powerful. We're going to pour this inside just like that. See? And then what we're going to do, we're going to move this aside. And we want to take this here. And we don't want the fire to light the fuel. We want the fire to light the fumes. Can you guys say fumes? >> Fumes. >> Fumes. That's right. Fumes is like a gas. So, we want to make a gas mixing together with oxygen inside. So, I'm going to go like this. I'm going to mix it around very, very hard. Mix it around very, very hard. Would you like to take it and go up and down? Up and down. Yes. Flip it around. Turn around. Good job. Good job. And let's pass it to you. Take it and mix it up and down. Up and down. Up and down. We're going to put it down in just a minute. And when I light it, it's going to be a full combustion cuz we have the fuel inside, plenty of oxygen, and we're going to take the match and drop it inside. And it's going to go whoosh. Can everybody go whoosh? Okay. Are you guys ready? >> Yeah. >> We're going to make complete combustion. We have adult supervision. We're going to take it and we are going to strike the match. And we're slowly going to put it in. Say, "Ready, set, ready, go. Ready, set, >> ready, go." >> AND did you see that? What sound did you hear? Now, what happens if we take away the oxygen? >> The fire goes out. >> The fire goes out. So, here we have an amazing demonstration. We're going to take the toilet paper and we're going to put it inside. And if we light it, is it going to burn? >> Yeah. >> Yes. We have the oxygen, we have the heat, and we have toilet paper that could burn. But what happens if we cover it and we don't allow any more oxygen to go inside? Oh, there you go. Slowly burning. Slowly burning. It's burning. Burning. Burning. Catching on fire. Good. Good. And now let's take this and put it on top and see what happens. LOOK AT THAT. THE OXYGEN is pulling the ball inside and it put out the fire. Isn't that amazing? And I have another amazing experiment to show you. But for this, we are going to need to take a beautiful candle. I have here a blue candle, a yellow candle, a pink candle, and a white candle. What color candle do you guys like? >> Blue. >> Blue. Okay. So, we're going to take the blue and we are going to light it. First, we're going to just melt the bottom a little bit. Just like that. Oh, and quickly put this like that. Good. Then, we're going to light this here. See, we have a nice candle burning. Beautiful. Now, we're going to take a little bit of water and we're going to pour it inside. Oh, just like that. Now, is it putting out the fire? >> No. >> No. If I continue pouring it, is it going to put out the fire? Yeah. >> Yes. But hold on a second. Should we make the liquid colorful? Who knows WHAT'S DR. DISHNIT'S MOST FAVORITE INGREDIENT. >> Food coloring. What color should I use? >> Oh, I was thinking, should we do? So, here we have red and blue. When I drop it in, who knows what we do? But only when I drop it in. First, we're going to do two colors. Two drops of red. Here goes. Watch it. And now let's do blue. Who wants to do blue? Let's take blue. And we're going to put it over here. And And now we got to mix it around here. We're going to take this white color. This white candle. We're going to mix it around. Mixy mixy mixy. Do we have purple? We have to be very careful. Ooh, we have two colors over here. So beautiful. Look what I have over here. Over here I have a glass beaker. We're going to take this and carefully we're going to put it on top. And let's see if all the oxygen that's inside gets eaten up by the candle and the candle goes out. So, we're going to take this carefully over here. And oh, look what's happening. Look what's happening. Look at that. It's Look at that. It sucked up all the oxygen and the pressure from outside and inside. Made all the water come up. And look at that. The fire went out. So that's what happens when you take away the oxygen. But what happens when we have a lot of oxygen? Oh, let me show you. Here we have a little coffee powder. And what I'm going to do is I'm going to pour a whole bunch of powder over here. Do you think if we burn this, it's going to burn? Well, let's see. Here we have a blowtorrch, and we're going to slowly try to burn it. It's becoming dark, right? But it's not really burning. It's takes a long time for it to burn. But what happens if I take this powder and instead of keeping it on the bottom where there's not a lot of oxygen inside, what happens if I go like this and I pour it like this? Okay, here we have a little fire. And watch what we're going to do. We're going to pour it. And oh, did you see that? Is going through the flame and it burns. What happens if we do it higher? Watch this. >> Was that awesome? >> But hold on a second. Are we allowed to do that if we don't have our adults watching? >> What happens if I take some of the powder and I pour it inside this little tube? Watch this. We're going to put it like that. Then we're going to put this in my mouth. And watch this everybody. Watch what happens. What happens if we take away the heat from the fire triangle? Is there a way for us to take away the heat? Well, let me show you. You see here I have a copper pipe. Copper absorbs the heat. It takes away the heat. Remember fire is it cold or hot? >> Fire is very very hot. But what happens if we make it not so hot? Will the fire be able to burn? >> No. We need to have heat. It has to be hot like the sun. The sun is very hot, so copper actually absorbs the heat. So, watch this. I'm going to light this little candle on fire like that. And I have here a whole bunch of copper wire. And I took it and I made it into a copper coil as you could see over here. And this copper coil, the oxygen is able to go all around it. So, what happens if I take the copper coil and I put it on top of the fire? We're not smooshing the fire cuz that would automatically put it out. We're just putting the fire in between the copper and the heat is going to go into the copper and it's going to bring down the temperature from 800° to much lower and the fire will go out. Watch this everybody. And let's see. Look at that. Just like that. If we put it all the way down, it goes. Let's try that again. Oh, did you see that? Amazing. Here, let's light it again. We have another experiment we could do to demonstrate how fire needs to be very hot. We're going to take over here this dollar bill. See this? And if I take a regular dollar bill and I put it over the fire, what's going to happen? >> It's made out of fuel, right? So, it burns. But what happens if I take the dollar bill and let's see. Let's put it over copper and we're going to count to five and it's probably going to turn black. But let's see if it burns. Watch this. Okay, everybody say 1 2 3 4 5 and look at that. It's black. You see that? It's black. But let's see the other side. Oh, did you see that? It's amazing. But wait, should we try with a paper? Let's try it with a paper. And we're going to put this like this. And we're going to count again to five. One 2 3 4 5. Look at that. But let's see the other side. And nothing over here. And over here, you could take it and you could actually wipe it down. Look at that. You could actually wipe it down. And it didn't even burn it. It just became a little black from the smoke. And what happens if we take this and put it in fire? Oh, let's see what happens. We're going to take this over here and take a little piece. And we're going to put it like this. And look at that. You see that? It burns it. But if you have copper, it brings down the heat. Here we have a big line of matches. And what happens if we take a match and we light the very first match? Well, I think the fire is gonna catch catch catch catch catch and as long as it can continue going, it's going to go all the way to this beautiful house that Dr. Schnitzel made out of paper. But wait a second. Does paper burn? Yes, paper is fuel. So if we make a bonfire, we have to make sure that there's nothing around it. Usually they put rocks. You know, they put rocks around the fire and we make sure there's no trees all around and make sure that the fire can't continue to spread, right? That's what happened when we went with you. You remember that? We made the beautiful marshmallows with everybody say >> we're going to light the first one. Let's see what happens. And is it going? Come on. Uh, look at that. It's traveling. It's going and going and going. Do we want to make sure it goes to the house? >> No. >> No. So, let's see. Over here, I have I made a little break. See that? Look at that. I took it away. And it's burning, burning, burning. It looks like grapes. And as it goes, it's going to continue to go. But hopefully right over here the fire will stop and it will not catch on the house. And that's how we make sure that fire is safe by making sure there's a big parameter all around so the fire can't spread. Let's see. It's going. It's going. It's going. It's going. It's going. It's going. And let's see if it's going to continue going straight to there. And let's see if it's going to stop as soon as it gets to there. And oh, look at that. It doesn't go to the house because we took away the matches. That's what happens to a fire if all around the bonfire we put rocks and make sure there's nothing that can catch fire. Now, we're just going to go like this and put out the fire. Yay! Here you go. Good job. Give yourself a big round of applause. Fire safety is number one. Who knows what special mitzvah we do with this? >> Shabas candles. >> Light the shabas candles. That is correct. Look how easy it is to light these candles. Did you know that the garra in the sack of shabas licken talks about not every single wick catches fire easily? Some wicks don't catch fire and if a person lights it and it's not burning perfectly, the person will end up touching the fire, touching the candle. Are we allowed to do that on Chabis? No. Everybody say no. We make sure that the candles are perfect for Shabas and Yam. Has anyone ever seen fireworks? Fireworks have many, many colors. Can anyone tell me what colors you've seen in fireworks? Red, green. Does anyone know how we make colorful fire and fireworks? Well, let me tell you, they take different chemicals and salts and put them in the fire. Here we have different chemicals. And these chemicals, if we add them in the fire, they will make the fire change colors. We're going to take a little popsicle stick. We're going to dip it in water. And then we're going to dip it in the salts. See? And oh, look at this. Now we have over here a little salt. What's going to happen when we put it over the fire? Are you ready? Oh, what color do you have here? Orange. And let's take another one. And let's see where we what's going to be the next color. And what color is this? Green. And let's see what's the next color. Ooh. Let's see what this one is. And ooh, is that like a violet pink? And let's see our last color we have over here. And it is red. Oo, it's my favorite. Here we have a whole bunch of chemicals that professional fireworks companies make to make the different colors that we see in the most amazing displays of fireworks up high in the sky. Here we have a very dangerous chemical that burns very dark blue. You could barely see it. It's called methanol. This we do not want to touch. We do not want to breathe it in. We have to be very very careful with this. But we poured a little bit of this methanol in all the cups and added the different chemicals. What we should see when we light it is each one are going to burn a different color. Look very closely and tell me if you can spot the difference between the different greens, the yellows, the oranges. Maybe even purple, red, blue. Okay, so we're gonna light it and we're going to turn off the light and see what we get. Look at the different colors. Do you see the different colors? Oh, I see here two greens. I see a red. Oh, wow. Look at these amazing colors. Here we have my son Mendle. Mendle, say hi to everybody. Hi. So, in honor of Mendele's birthday, we have here a special candle. Let's see. There might be a special surprise. When we light it, we're going to take it and we're going to light it. And oh, what color do you see? Oh, I see sparkles. Oh my gosh, look at that. It's a beautiful flower with a whole bunch of candles. Happy birthday to Mendle. Happy birthday to Menal. Happy birthday to Mandal. Now we got to put it out. Amazing. I was thinking, why don't we take all the colors and make rainbow colors by taking the different chemicals and putting them in together? Should we do that? >> Yeah. >> That's going to be so much fun. Who knows what this is? Oh, these are little sparklers. What they are, they're actually here. Hold on to this mendle and hold on to this Yasi. And look what we have here. They're actually a big match with this little red thing that burns. It goes all the way down. They take little pieces of iron and they put it all on the sides and then it makes sparkles. Should we do that? >> Yeah. >> Yeah. We're going to light this and we're going to put it just like this. And watch. Let's see if all four will go. One, and two, three, and Yeah. Look what I have. We got four here. Hold on to this. Hold on to this. Yes. Hold on to this. Hold on to this. Good. in. Hold on to this, Mendle. Yes. You're scared. Go like this. Yes. Yes. Yes. Look at that. It's going all out. Yes. It's slowly burning out. So, the first thing we need to do if we want to have a fire, look at the fire triangle. Which one of these do we have to put inside? The first thing we have to put in fuel. So, here we have a special alcohol. And we're going to put 2 oz in this one. Just like that. Oh, good. And we're going to put 2 oz. Oh, just like this. Beautiful. Beautiful. Now, we have to make sure that before we light the fire. We know how to put it out. If we want, we could take the fire extinguisher and spray it, but it's going to make a big mess. But look what Dr. Schnitle has. A special fire blanket. And what happens if we take this and we cover the fire? What's going to happen with the fire? >> Oh, we're going to be taking away the oxygen. So, it's going to go out. So, we're going to keep this right over here. And what we're going to do is we're going to take a match. We're going to light the fuel that we have. You see that fuel right over there? We have fuel inside. And we're going to turn off the lights and we're going to take the different chemicals and put it inside. Here we have our candles. So, we're going to drop that in there. Look what we have over here. We got What color do you see? I see orange and bluish. Purplish. Let's take our first chemical. And let's put it in over here. Let's see what we get. What do we get? Oh, we got blue. And let's put it in over here. The next chemical. What do we got? Oh, red. And let's put over here. What color do we get over here? green. And let's see what we're going to do with this chemical. What color is that? Ooh, that's a nice blue. Should we take two colors and put it in the same time? Let's see. We going to do red and green. Look at that. Oh, it went out. Oh, there you go. See? Look at that. Let's do that here. Let's do red over here. Ooh, that's blue and blue. And now let's do green and green. And now let's do red and red. And what color is that? Ooh, look at Do we have rainbow colors? Ooh. Let's see if we can do a little bit of red and a little bit of green. And a little bit of green. A little bit of red. We're changing the colors like fry and manasha. Should we do sparkles? >> Yeah. >> Yay. Hey, let's take some sparkles and put it inside. Look at that. Amazing. We're getting all the colors. So beautiful. We're getting red and we're getting green and sparkles. Awesome. This is how they make amazing fireworks. Going up and down all around. If you see a fire, tell an adult straight away. Never play with matches. Don't allow any children to play with matches. If you see matches, tell an adult straight away. Make sure every house has a fire a fire extinguisher just like we have over here. And thank you, Shim, for being our helper. And not only that, you have to make sure we also have a carbon monoxide. Tell your parents about that. Make sure it's working. If our clothing catches on fire, we have to stop, drop to the floor, and roll. And that takes away the oxygen from our clothing because our clothing is very flammable. It can burn cuz it's fuel. It's just like napkins, right? So, what we do is we can take away the oxygen by rolling on the floor. and tell your parents that we should have a fire safety plan. How to get out of the house if there's a fire in the house. Do you guys know what's inside a fire extinguisher? >> No. >> Inside a fire extinguisher, they have different kind of chemicals depending what kind of fire we're putting out. The regular most common fire extinguisher has baking soda inside of it with some other chemicals. Hold on to this and I'm going to show you how you can do an experiment in your house. Of course, having your parents with two eyeballs watching over you. You're going to need a picture and some baking soda and vinegar. That's all with a couple of candles. Linton, of course, with your parents help. We're going to pour some uh vinegar inside. And then we're going to take some baking soda. Pour it inside like that. Yes. There we go. Now we have carbon dioxide gas. And watch what happens when we pour it on top. Oh, wasn't that awesome? This is a fire extinguisher. You could do this in your very own home. I was wondering what happens if we take the chemicals that we have over here and we mix them with the rubbing alcohol and we put them inside spray bottles and then we spray it over our fire torch. Oh, we should get big fireballs. Should we do that? >> Yeah. >> Yeah. Okay, we're going to turn off the lights. Let's start with this. Oh, look at this. And oh, what color do you see there? And what color do you see over here? What color is that? Orange. And what color do you have here? Red. And what color do we have here? That's like a bluish, right? And what's the last color? Let's see. And ooh, that's like a That looks like a regular fire, right? Oh, let's take over here. Let's see. We have over here the green and the red. Should we do them together? Oh, red and green. And look at that. Isn't that amazing? This spray that we have over here with the chemicals inside that makes the fire colors has two different ways of spraying. One is the way we just sprayed where it comes out like a mist and it goes very wide. But if we turn this a little bit, instead of going wide, the spray will go out like a long line. So if we do it over the fire, we'll go shooting out like these fireworks. Should we try that? I think we're going to do that outside. Another thing we can do while we're going outside is we can do this a lot a lot bigger. If we want to do this, we take a fire extinguisher. We first empty out the fire extinguisher. Once it's empty, we open it up and we clean it out. We're going to take a drill and make a hole over here and we're going to put in this little bike part. It's the part that we pump the tires, right? And then we're going to make it very tight. And then we're going to take a piece of copper over here. And remember, copper doesn't allow the fire to travel down because it brings down the heat. And we're going to take this wick and put it over here. Then we're going to take the chemical that's in here, fill it up inside, seal it tight. We're going to put this bike pump over here, and we are going to pump it up until we build up pressure. So, when you press it, we'll actually come flying out. We're going to light this with fire, and we're going to press it. And the chemicals are going to fly over it and make this big shooting fire colorful cloud. And we can do that the same thing with this over here. We can do a whole bunch of different colors. So come with me and let's go see what amazing big firecolor clouds we can make. Okay, here we are outside and for this we're going to need two fire extinguishers because we are making big fire. We're going to keep this right over here. Always have to be safe. We are going to light our little torch. Oo, do you see that? H. Oh. Oh, look at that. We have big fireballs. I think this is the strontium chloride. It has a little bit of tint of purple and pink. Let's see. That was awesome. Okay, here we are. We have our fire extinguisher. Okay, here it goes. And Heat. Can you guess what color this is going to be? Let's see. And that's a nice yellow. Shall we see some real big gigantic fireworks up high in the sky? Heat. Heat. Heat. Heat. Heat. One, two, three. Who likes marshmallows? >> Come on. What's the money? >> You ready? Yes. You can do this. Okay. One. Son, you need some bloopers anyway. >> Here, just don't bump that. Okay, we're going to try this. Okay. >> Yes, he has the the giggles. Okay, >> we make piple with a drop of red and a drop of blue. >> What's so funny? >> What happened? I don't know. The whole piple thing is a little fun. >> Yes. >> So, here we have clear liquid. >> Is that so? >> Here we have clear liquid. And who knows what's dish's most favorite ingredient. And who can guess? >> Stop. Serious. >> You laugh more times than me. Probably. Are we ready? Here we have Dr. 's most favorite ingredient called food coloring. Who likes food coloring? >> Yay. >> That was you. Right. >> Here we have the color piple. How do we make piple? Red. All right. No more piple. Do it again. Do it again. Say bloop. Okay. One, two, three. >> Not yet. >> I was smiling. I was smiling. >> Okay. One, two, three. >> Okay, here goes a hand. >> I'm still smiling from your ear. >> Okay, here you go. We're getting loud >> now. It's very interesting because when I went with to make our beautiful bonfire, I'm sorry. I didn't see it coming. Sorry. >> Blue piple. I saw it coming already. >> All right. We can't say the word piple. All right. Come back. If not, if not, do option B. >> Okay, stand here. Get closer to him. Good. One, two, three. All right, you ready? Okay, we we don't have to say that word, >> right? We can say that we Okay, so we have to make sure that we are fire superhero safety experts. >> No, >> superchild. >> Fire safety superchild. Yeah, >> it's time that we're going to be a free. >> Was that me? That was not me, right? >> Oh, no. >> You laugh. >> He started the giggles. He continued it. And now it's