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we're going to be doing today's Kish in a moment just making myself a [Music] coffee dark black Turkish coffee that's what we want how did I say we I don't know you know there are opinions that say that one should say the blessing benefiting from the smell of coffee um but since we don't necessarily hold like that opinion what some very meticulous people do is take out something like cloves for example which I don't think I have over here and that you can most definitely say the blessing on and then they will fulfill the potential obligation of seeing the blessing on coffee by doing it first on cloves I'm getting a phone call which I'll pick up so you won't hear anything for the next minute or two that was another hello hello okay here we are I have all my camera equipment in Florida all right today's comish that smells good hopefully it will do the trick I remember the last time actually I do remember the last time I had some coffee it was like two days ago before then I don't remember the last time I had coffee I try to not use it daily this way when I actually do use it it actually really works okay let's send the link to T as I always do for for okay are we ready are we ready to begin are we ready to begin [Music] M I don't know why but I feel like I do things the hard way truth is that was that's not true I don't think I do things the hard way I feel like here and there certain things like this okay I'm so tired if you can't tell I'm going to turn on this lamp right here cuz I think it will look nice it's a nice warm look [Music] okay second reading of the Torah portion of toise which can be found in Genesis 26 verse 7 so y settled in G that was actually verse six now now we go to verse seven when the local people asked about his wife he said just as AB my father had responded regarding Sor she is my sister he purposely misled them he said just as abam had responded regarding Sarah she is my sister he purposely misled them because he was afraid to say to them she is my wife lest he thought to himself the local people kill me on account of Rifka because she is of good facial complexion she was very beautiful says Rashi about his wife so she didn't get abducted she wasn't taking like oh okay a single girl who's beautiful that's it let's take her to the king no the king waited around perhaps he had learned his lesson since last time right but unlike what par had done to Sarah the king did not abduct Rifka at once therefore after is had already been there a long time he decided that he no longer needed to be so circumspect the king of the philistin the the philistin looked out the window of his Palace and caught sight of Y gladdening his wife RKA in the course of marital intimacy now it's explained that of course the way that conducted themselves in their marital intimacy was with the most modesty as befits such a holy couple like our forefather and forother Isaac and Rebecca but what a saw was that the way they live together in such privacy in such modesty is not the way a brother and sister would be living together this this means that there must be something more going on they must Behind These well um well covered windows for example there must be marital intimacy going on because of course they are married so this is what he figures out after some time as we said K says simply he saw him in the act of marital intimacy but like I said I I don't remember where I learned that but that is the understanding y perhaps it's a understanding um actually we're not up to Y we're up to test Isaac and said so she really is your wife how could you have said she is my sister answered him for I thought lest I die because of her next said then said what have you done to us I the most preeminent one among the people could easily have had relations with your wife and you would have brought guilt upon us you I would have believed you when you said she's my sister I would have went ahead and uh slept with her and that would have been obviously a huge problem one of the people what does that mean one of the people the greatest of them in other words the king me if I would have slept with with her already you would have brought guilt upon us so issued an order of warning to all the people like the whoever whosoever lays a finger on this man or his wife shall surely be put to death uh oh I actually said that word wrong it's it's I was thinking like like a measurement but it's and if you see I don't know how these live streams save I know they save on Facebook and YouTube um not on Twitch for some reason I haven't figured that out yet um but maybe I should live stream myself trying to figure it out see if that works um but the other day PES and I in the morning I think I titled it ter with P we started learning a mimer actually wasn't from ter one one of the days we started learning ter then another day we learned um oh AR shabas Friday we learned from ter and then on Sunday we started with together with pous t the from T days um I forget the year of the M but with this this and the rebit gave it out in t now when we read this I totally thought that it was like a measure you'll see in a second why but but it's but P was was right that is that is uh how to pronounce this word so P if you're here you are correct so and that and that is the inspiration for the place in Israel called May Isaac solded grain in that region and in that year being that it was not a particularly fertile area and that it was also a year of famine he estimated that it was would be a small yield but he nonetheless reaped a h hundredfold more than he expected for God had blessed him furthermore when they calculated the yield for the purpose of taking Myer tis they had found that it miraculously increased 100 fold again in the Merit of his intention to tithe it for God had blessed him you see something very powerful over here that just your intention to give a lot of Seda allows for the vessel that you make to make money to be filled with money in order for you to be able to give that amount of Saka and plus you know CU Hashem always rewards and so plus more that being being said I know that um that being said you could reach out I know of a few places for example one of them the wils bar Yeshiva who are fundraising right now and uh it's definitely some good places to put uh put some of your money okay so Rashi meaning he really didn't have any physical reason to expect the yield to be great why is it called that he measured how much would make sense for the Yi and it actually brought him a profit fold that the reason he measured it was to make the calculation how much Myer he needs to give I think the coffee grounds have dropped enough that I can drink this yesterday actually this is probably on the live stream um from yesterday this after pesak and I had finished and then someone else had just started giving a class right so at first I didn't move the camera but you were able to hear his class very I think his last name was kers r kers Dr kers I think he's a chemist um I think but clearly whatever he is he's uh he's an intelligent person and he was well spoken very eloquent and he understood the the the concepts that he was giving over in his class he apparently also has a podcast very very well um so I felt like it was you know like I should leave it I should leave the camera rolling and and record what he has to say um and I liked one of the things that he said was not to do with a one of the things that he said was that the class should be in the in you know in the Merit of Rabbi kogan Rabbi Hogan may God avenge his blood who was just brutally murdered in this um what I'll call an anti-semitic uh terror attack um you know uh apparently by Iranian intelligence that uh you know this man and his wife dedicated their life to to being there for other people to spreading the light and goodness of Judaism to Abu Dhabi which is not the most comfortable place for a Jewish person to live especially an Orthodox Jewish person and that is no matter because he wasn't looking for Comfort they were looking to bring goodness and be available for whoever might pass through them their doors and he was killed so in this class he said ultimately like we'd like to say that it should be right for the elevation of his soul but it doesn't really get much loftier how is a soul that was that was taken out of its body that that was forced out of its body when it had given its whole life to Hashem and now even in a in a complete both spiritual and physical manner its life is now back wrapped up in the in the in the bond of life with Hashem what kind of elevation can we can we hope for it like what how does it get greater than that um so what he said was cute and I thought very legit he said so that's it's for like AR should be elevated from this that we're learning in his Merit that's correct okay [Music] oh that's that was today's portion well that's great what I can do now is this re is reic learic because that's uh amazing if that's true but I I don't know I feel like that might just be an impostor either way welcome re leic thanks for being here okay what we're going to do now is we are going to call Benny and we're going to learn Ramba if he didn't already learn it uh we're going to learn it together with Benny if he did already learn it then oh my wife's still have to come home then we're going to learn it together Lei uh Le ah wow welcome home rabits and Weiss wow Ley Ley we got to we got to learn we got a fing and uh we should be nice and maybe after we learn and Fang off camera we should do it on camera as well um okay I'm going to call Benny where's my phone to do that oh call here and I hope it doesn't die unless it's already dead well it's at 54% okay oh amazing that would be wonderful yes can caronut we just started oh is that the one safer ROM I don't have that's fun okay um guess we'll do it from the phone as well oh no yeah it's also TI [Music] it's funny that I thought that was learic like it's definitely not learic okay no Ley what's SM can I call you Ley I'm going to call you actually I really need to call Benny because he might be expecting me to call him already but let's see if he picks up this phone is so okay in the meantime if Ley still here oh not only is Ley still here I think there's some there's another two people here wow so in the meantime while I'm trying to get this phone working so I could call Benny so we could learn rambam together with Benny I will I will share with you an interesting story that I heard with a few more deta I feel like I've heard the story before but then I read it with more details um and I like repeating those before I forget them so basically The Story Goes that there were actually like I read this and it opens up with explaining how before colleges came around there werey now what's really the difference I don't know but that's what it was called and point is though this this was in there were three like major polishes that each one was funded by another like Prince which I guess is like a land owner but I don't know I'm not so um like I I don't really know how these things work um unless like they were cons I guess they were considered royalty but they were their names were I forget which Academy and which location they were each associated with but one was Prince Shak sinki one was Prince deit and I forgot the other one shocks okay you see just me trying to repeat stories with details so that I don't forget them so makes me forget them but this phone's still not working um your that N I can't call Benny from the tablet I need to call him from the phone um could use round bomb on the tablet I I could use it on the phone too thanks I think my WhatsApp is just so slow oh I see a missed video call from him from right now okay maybe it started working um point it so in this the AL oh so one of these princes had a sun dial in his in his yard and between the hours of 2: and 5:00 p.m. it wasn't working so he of course you know brings anyone who might be even remotely qualified to uh people who are greatly qualified and people who are Maybe in some way qualified to figure out this issue and uh nobody was able to uh figure it out and help him of course and he hears about the albe who in this version of the story that I read it didn't mention his age but for some reason I feel like the first time that I heard the story alrea was a young boy um so I guess based on the way that the story was written here I I would assume like maybe he was in his teens maybe 17 um and alre indeed figures it out for him oh Benny's calling is it working hello hello before before before you curse me out for taking so long for me to call you I'm just letting you know we're on we're on a live stream okay here I'll flip it around so you can see I'll flip my camera okay are you can't see me I'm good no so we won't see you I'm not going to set up the phone for people to see your face um but yeah they could hear you and we're all going to learn ROM together yay okay let's do this so you didn't start today yet did not start today but I only have like 45 minutes same I probably have less than 45 minutes because uh my phone's at 49% and this phone goes down 1% every like 10 seconds so yeah I'm joking that was that was a slight exaggeration but yeah let's do it quickly let's run through it what is meant by the term an animal regarding which testimony was given on three different one second one second if anybody wants to follow I hope that you're able to hear through the the one phone into the microphone of the video but if anybody wants to follow online you can go on.org daily study three chapters a day we're starting from the beginning or if you want to find it online through a different book or if you want to pull out the book from yourself in your house if you have it we're learning we're in the book called nikin The Book of Damages and specifically the first set of laws in that book called n like Financial images and we are starting chapter six right now okay again yeah what is meant by the term an animal regarding testimony was given on three different days if however an animal G other animals in one day or in bit lay upon kicked or budded other animals many even 100 times in one day it should not be considered as to be M if three pairs of witnesses gave testimony concerning animal on one day there's an unresolved doubt whether it's classified as M or not so biter in a m animal is only if testimony was given about it doing this specifically damaging behavior on three different days the warning administered to an animal for an animal must be administered in the owner's presence as it says in the p and the owners shall be warned this warning must be administered in a Bas D okay yeah let's let's switch off every two okay so I'll do gim and when an ox when an ox belonging to a deaf mute mentally incompetent individual a minor or a person who is overseas Gores the owner is not liable the court should however appoint a guardian for the ox and administer the warning to the guardian the following rules apply when this Ox causes doll the R when this Ox causes damage after the warning was administered to the guardian if the ox is still classified as a tum an ordinary animal half the damages must be paid from the body of the ox if a warning was administered on three different days and afterwards the ox causes damage the guardian must pay for the damage from the choicest properties he owns when the orphans attain majority they must enter into litigation with the guardian and repay him cuz ultimately it's not his animal he's just looking after it on their behalf when ARS are used for sport and they are trained to Go each other they are not considered to be to each other more even if they kill a human they should not be executed because it says an apostle when an AR G implying that ites that it does so on its own initiative not that it was pumped to door right so these oxen were like trained for this so they're not going to be considered responsible for their behavior well the the owner is not responsible um I mean that's little it's a little interesting that yeah okay [Music] when an arch was sold or given away as a present after its owners had been worn its status reverts back to that of a a when with the change of ownership and status changes if however an ox was borrowed or entrusted to a Watchman its status remains unchanged similarly if a warning regarding an AR was given to a guardian and then the owner who was def regained his faculties or the owner who was mentally incompetent regains competence or the owner who was a minor attains majority the status of the arch remains unchanged for remains in the domain of the same owner so some if a warning regarding an ox is given to a guardian and owner who is a death mute regain his faculties oh interesting right okay Zion behem an animal that was classified as M and then it changes his conduct its status changes right it status changes it goes back to being a tum what is implied if an ox was classified as M with regard to Goring and it stopped Goring it's considered to be a tum with regard to Goring even though it still buts other animals when it's cons when is it considered to have stopped Goring at what point when children can play with it and it doesn't Gore them similarly I mean who which parents are are testing that out and letting their kids play with an ox who's known for Goring I don't know but but uh that's that's the standard similarly with regard to other Tendencies regarding which warnings were given the status of the animal remains unchanged until children play with it and it doesn't do what it was want to do previously when an ox has been classified when an ox has been classified as M with regard to other oxen it's not considered M with regard to other types of animals an ox that was classified as Mu with regard to humans is not considered to be muad with regard to animals if it has been classified as M with regard to Young animals it's not considered to be mu with regard to older animals who said not necessarily it wants to pick on someone its own size therefore it caused if it caused damage of the type regarding which the warning was given the owner is liable for the full amount of damage because it was want to do that if it caused damages of another type regarding which a warning was not given the owners must pay only half the damages if it has been classified as M with regard to chabus it's not considered to be M with regard to weekday if it causes damage on chabas the owner will be liable for the full amount of damage during the week the owners must pay only half of the damages when is the warning rescinded like when when can we take away the warning when children will play with it on the day concerning which the warning was given and it doesn't harm them in the way that it's known to cause harm but o another Ox on one day he donkey on the following day and day afterward classified as M for all these types of animals a warning should be administered to an owner in the following his situation his Ox saw another Ox on one day and G it on the next day it saw another ARX but did not g it on the third day it saw another AR and G it on the fourth day it saw another AR but did not g on the fifth day it saw another AR and Gordon on the sixth day it was another AR but not in these circumstances the ARs becomes classified as M to AR on alternative dates every other similarly similar laws apply in all anist situations [Music] should a warning Sly a warning should also be administered to an owner in the following situation his Ox saw another Ox on one day and Gordon on the next day and saw a donkey but did not g on the third day and saw a horse and Gordon the fourth day and saw a camel but not on the fifth day and and on the sixth day but these circumstances the as to on these three types of animals on alterate Alternate days but does not the G is one types of animals that had G on Alternate days on a DAT which is M the owner must pay the full damages as requir for anx that is you're Olive when an ox so it gored an animal on the 15 of one month and then the 16th of another and then on the 17th of yet another it's not classified as more until it adds a day a third time in the fourth month wait 15th then 16th then 17th so it has to add another meaning 18th in the fourth month why are we calling it The the third time I don't know let's see the footnote here parallel to this law is found disregards to the fixing the pattern of the onset of menstruation okay I i' I've been seeing that pattern a lot but I don't understand this specific idea of a a third time okay anyway moving on if an ox hears a schaer blast and Gores on three successive occasions it's considered mua to gore after hearing shaer blasts and similar laws of apply in other analogous situations y b there is a suff and unresolved doubt in the following situations an ox gour on three a ox gored three oxen on three successive days on the fourth day aord a donkey on the fifth day a camel or at first aord a donkey then a camel and then aor three oxen one after another on three successive days so there's a doubt if it's classified as Mu only for oxen or for all three types of animals similarly if an O scores on three successive chabus and then on the Sunday and Monday following the third chabus um or at gourd on Thursday Friday and then three successive shabas again we just have a doubt whether it's classified as Mu only for chabas or for a block of three days two of which would be ordinary weekdays take it away Benny last again just because we have many people joining us um we are doing the laws of financial damages in the book of damages of the rambam's magnumopus Mish the 14 volume set and of those 14 books in The Book of Damages we're about to finish chapter six of the laws of financial damage 13 to these unresolved questions and the like the owner of the ARs that caus damage is required to pay for only half the damages the person whose property was damaged sees his property belonging to the other person equivalent to the full amount of the damages it is not appropriate for them yeah ex give me second oh Benny I'm going to send you something [Music] oh hello [Music] David or is your first name NWA I don't know hi but you're welcome here Benny Sorry my phone's just being really slow I know what you say me though I'm trying to send you the link so you can cuz you don't see my face so I know that you want to [Music] see apparently I passed that Health exam with flying colors from a oh um got the results yesterday hey David um or two days ago or three days ago I got a notification I didn't even look at them but now Morty messaged me that that they were really good oh that's amazing okay Benny here just click it and then you don't have to put the sound on this way you keep the sound on our phone call all right David what we're doing is the laws of financial damages in the ROM my Moni magnumopus Misha it's a 14 volume set and we are in the book of Damages doesn't help me though why not you can put it pull it up on a separate page okay okay now these laws kind of they might sound archaic because when was the last time you had trouble with someone's ax damaging your field or Goring your ax you know but oh it's still called Williamsburg on Twitch I never changed it that's funny you could I'm not still in Williamsburg all right benam you ready sir okay let's go further shall I read start yeah go for it okay chapter seven the following rules apply when an ox breaks loose and causes damage after its owner had tied it down with a rope and locked it in a coral if I'm pronouncing that word correctly in an acceptable manner in other words like Coral is that how you pronounce it whatever the point is he was he was locking this Ox down cuz he knows this Ox is is going to make some trouble and he wants to prevent that from happening so what happens if it's a t in other words if it he didn't expect that uh we don't have like a Kaka that this Ox is for sure going to cause this type of damage then he is required to pay only half of the damage if it is a m in other words we have every reason to expect and was already warned then he is not liable at all why would that be very interesting because I guess he took every safeguard that he can take by locking it up um as implied by Exodus if the owners were warned and they did not guard him one can infer that if they did guard him then they're not liable at all wow very interesting and in the above instance the ox was guarded similarly if an ox caused damage through an activity for which he is known to go ahead and cause damage at the outset for example it ate a type of food that it usually eats or it broke objects by stepping on them the owner is not liable in the above instance where he guarded it cuz he did his best to to make sure that that wouldn't happen love you thank you B Second Law if the ox has been classified as M with regards so m means that it's like we already know and it was already warned that this is its nature it's going to cause this kind of damage and it was classified as a mu with regard to its right horn because it would use that horn to gore to make damage whatever but it's not mu with regard to its left horn and it got loose after it was guarded in an acceptable manner the owner is requ required to pay half the damages this applies regardless of whether it used Its Right horn or its left horn interesting Kimmel Benny the following rules apply when an animal ures a human being whether intentionally or unintentionally if the animal is a t half the damages must be paid from the body of the animal it's mu the owner must pay the entire amount of the he is however not liable for compensation for unemployment embarrassment pain and medical expenses for required re redress for these matters only when one person injured a colleague when by contrast it's an animal which caused the injury it's as if the animal damaged a person's property and the owner is liable as for only half of the damages for this reason if a person's Ox causes another individual embarrassment he has not himself he's not in other words to pay for someone else's embarrassment or loss of employment and all those things is only when you're the one who caused damage to another person here it's your property that caused damage if however he causes the embarrassment himself he's as will be explained a person's Ox injures his father or mother or sets fire to a person's grain Heap on the shabas the owner is although if the person performed the same actions himself he would not be why because a person who injures his father or mother himself is not going to be K to pay because he's going to be K to die because that is a a sin of capital punishment injuring one's father or mother causing a wound and lighting fire on chabas to someone else's field you don't have to pay for the damages why because you pay with your life God forbid because can't light a fire on Chavis and we have a rule in teror that you're never both required to pay a fine and die um doid four the following rules apply when a person brings his Ox into a courtyard belonging to another person without his permission if The Uninvited Ox that would be a great social media name or like you know streaming name Uninvited ox was gored by an ox belonging to the owner or bitten by the owner's dog the owner is not liable if The Uninvited Ox scored an ox belonging to the owner of the courtyard the owner of The Uninvited Ox is liable if his Ox is tum its owner must pay half the damages if it's m he must pay the entire damages as if it had gored the other Ox in the public [Music] domain um why is he not liable if his Ox Gordon Ox belonging to the owner or or bitten by the owner's dog oh the owner is not liable in other words if the owner of The Field's ax Gores The Uninvited ax of course the owner of the field is not liable um right but if The Uninvited Ox causes damage then if it's Tom half and if it's more the full thing right hey in the above situation the following rules apply if The Uninvited Ox falls into a sistern in this Courtyard and spoils its water if it spoiled the water immediately upon falling within the owner of the ox is liable for the loss caused you okay yeah yeah caused by the ruining of the water if the water was not spoiled until afterwards the owner has not liable the reason is that the ox is considered to be an obstruction in the sistern and the water is considered to be a utensil and one is never liable for damage to utensils caused by an obstruction if the owner of the ox received permission to bring in his Ox the owner of the ox is not liable for any damage the ox caused if the owner of the courtyard accepted responsibility for the ox he is liable for the damages It suffers from falling into the sistern you see a lot of this kind of stuff in uh liability waivers today when going into like amusement parks or trampoline places stuff like that we like you're coming in to have a good time but like we don't want to take responsibility for anything that happens and still there's there is some measure of responsibility that each party has if you go somewhere and cause damage God forbid or if a person gets damaged in one of those locations V the following rules also apply when a person brings his Ox into a courtyard belonging to another person without permission if The Uninvited Ox injures the owner of the courtyard the owner of the courtyard suffers injury because of the ox or the ox digs pits or trenches or Burrows in the courtyard in other words I guess he doesn't want that going on in his Courtyard he he's not interested in that it's damaging to him um the owner of the aux is liable for the damage to the Courtyard or to the owner if another person is injured because of these pits the owner of the courtyard is liable cuz it's his responsibility to fill them up right so if a crazy person goes and breaks them stuff in a in a mall I don't know in a shopping center then he obviously needs to pay for the damages to the shopping center but whoever is responsible for the shopping center needs to fix that before someone else gets hurt by it one second every seven is precious we are the Seventh Generation we are the generation of the Redemption the final generation of first of mhia the courtyard damaged the ARs if he caused the damage unknowingly can tell the owner of the AR why did you bring your AR in without in without your permission I was not aware of it until I damaged it un knowing if he cause a damage knowingly his for the full extent of the damage he has the right to take the intruding animal out of his property he does not have the right to damage it to elaborate before I continue nope go we evaluate the amount of damages caused what is imply if either a person or ar broken K belonging to a colleague we do not tell the person who caus a damage take the take the broken utensil and pay it work to its owner instead we evaluate the laws cause to the to the utensil this amount is paid to the person who caused the damage damage was caused by his ARs and the ARs was for the full amount of Damages if it is he for half damages this is implied by the and the car will be his it belongs to those to the one whose property was damaged and the carus loses value the person whose property was damaged suffers the loss if its value Rises increases divided between the person who caused the damage and the person property was damaged very interesting what does that mean we're going to elaborate now what is implied when an ox that's worth 200 Z is gored and dies its carcass was worth 100 Z at the time of its death but at the time of the trial it decreased in value and was worth only 80 in such an instance the person whose ax caused the damage is required to pay only 100 Z if the ox was M if it was Tom owner is required to pay only 50 zos from the body of the ox in other words full payment means only half of what it's now worth in this case very interesting if the value of the carcass increased and it's worth 120 Z at the time of the trial now I guess I don't know animal hide went up in price um the one who caused the damage must pay 90 he's actually now liable to pay less meaning his actual liability doesn't change he still needs to be making either a half payment if the ox wasn't prone to doing that or a full payment if it was but the number amount that he's that he's going to be liable to pay is going to be less if the ox was M right it's going to be 90 and 45 from the body of the ox if it was T this is implied by Exodus 21:35 and they shall also divide the dead Ox in other words they shall divide the profit from the dead Ox the amount that the person whose ARS caused damage must pay his subject to the amount that the person whose AR caus the damage must pay is subject to change in some but not in all circumstances to illustrate an ARX that was worth 200 z g another ARX worth 200 Z causing it to depreciate 50 at the time of the trial its value increased and was worth 400 however it had not been gored would have been worth 800 whether it value increased because it was fattened or because of Market fluctuations the damages are evaluated according to the loss of the time the damage took place the O came weak because of the injury it received and the damages amount to 100 Z at the time of the trial the damages are evalu according to the loss of the time at the time of the trial I actually I totally I spaced out I'm sorry don't wor I'm used to it no I'll read it again the am that the person who caused the damage must pay is subject to change in sum but not all circumstances to to illustrate an ox that was worth 200 Z gor another Ox worth 200 Z causing it to depreciate 50 zos I think my brain heard numbers and it was like um done I don't want to do this now even after a coffee um at the time of the trial its value increased and it was worth 400 so however it would not have been gour it would would have been worth 800 so right if it was alive whether it value increased because it was fat or because of Market fluctuations the damages are are evaluated according to the loss at the time that the damage took place if the ox became weak because of the injury it received and the damages mounted to hundreds of us at the time of the trial the damages are evaluated according to the loss at the time of the trial all right you baso whato I just read you okay fine you're right you're right you're right the following rules apply if the value of the O cause the damage increase at the time of the trial oh if its value increased because the owner fattened it only its value at the time it causes damage is considered to be unlean for payment its value increase because of Market fluctuations half damages must be collected from value at the time the trial 13 it is the responsibility of the person who caused the damage to make the effort to bring the carcass of the ox that was damaged to the person whose Ox was damaged it's the responsibility of the person who caused the damage to make the effort to bring the carcass of the ox that was damage to the to the owner of the damag Dos okay was impli H can you can you hang on just a second if it's in because the owner fath it only it's you know I always pause make sure you to say something I don't like being interrupted I'm sorry so do you want to finish and then finish yes sure what is implied an ox fell into a sistern and died the owner of the sister must raise the carcus of the ox when the sister and gave it to its owner then we evaluate the extent of the loss this is the right by the p and he shall give monetary recompense to the owners and the carcass will be the owners this teaches that he is obligated to return the carcass and the decrease in value of the ax from the time when it's when it was alive to its owner the AR that caused the damage was a t this owner is required to pay only half the damages as explained above and Tak it away I'm just catching up um wait did you you started the next paric already no okay so we're starting that now right yes okay so I'll just if you if you could remind me to finish the last three halis of parag Zion I'll just start parade because there's people here live joining us and I don't want to take away your time either um okay when an ox belonging to a yet Gores an ox that was consecrated meaning that was supposed to be given to the basa mikdash or an ox that was consecrated Gores an ox belonging to a the owner of the Goring Ox is not liable as implied by Exodus 21:35 if one person's Ox injures an ox belonging to a colleague all meaning either which way it goes the point is the consecrated Ox isn't belonging to a person it's not belonging to a colleague it's belonging to Hashem so it's an exception to this rule all consecrated entities for which one is held liable for using them for one's own purposes are not going to be bound by the laws of Damages it's a good General principle animals that were disqualified are bound by the laws of Damages because they they are not going to be donated to hasm this applies regardless of whether it is they who cause the damage or they who are damaged for they have been redeemed and can be considered ordinary property in other words they're no longer consecrated so now they're going to be bound by this rule again base when an animal consecrated for a peace offering so now this is a specific animal that's going to be brought so we hope at least as a peace offering to Hashem so if that animal now causes damage to another animal or a person or a person's field the damages can be collected from its meat after it's offered person who's property was damaged does not however collect his due por his due his due from the portions burned on the altar because the prohibition against using consecrated property for one's own purposes applies to the portions of sacrifices of lesser sanctity burned on the Altar and this a peace offering is considered a sacrifice of lesser sanctity but still the person cannot collect his due from it um as as we have explained in the laws of ma similarly if an animal consecrated for a Thanksgiving offering that's not an offering that was brought on Thanksgiving but it's an offering brought for Thanksgiving um which we always want to be giving thanks to Hashem um and if that causes damage the damages may be collected from its meat they may not however be collected from the bread that accompanies it for the bread is not considered to be part of the meat gimel how can the person whose property was damaged collect his Doom he and his company should eat in a holy manner a portion of the meet equivalent to the half of the damages he suffered what is what is meant by the statement that the person whose property was damaged do not however collect his to from the portions burned on his ba that if half the damages he suffered was equivalent to a dinar and the meat and the portions to be offered on his together were worth two dinar but the meat without the portions to be offered was worth only a dinar and a half the person whose property was damaged receives only half the meat and not two third of the meat do similarly an AR that is ownerless and causes damage is also not held responsible for damage and causes this is also derived from the phrase an AR belonging to a implying that the ARs must be defined as a property of an owner what is implied when an ARS that is ownerless Gores another ARs and before the person whose property was damaged takes possession of the Goring ARS another person do so that other person is not k for the damages how moreover even if the if an ox that is defined as the property of an owner causes damage and afterwards the owner consecrates it or declares it ownerless payment is not expropriated from the body of the ox for payment to be expropriated must be owned by one person at the time because of the damage and at the time of the trial [Music] sorry I kind of spaced out by doll it again I'm just going to fly through it really quickly similarly an ox that is own causes damage is also not held responsible for the damage it causes um okay that makes sense it's an ownerless wild ox right cuz it's not one that belongs to someone um so if it goes this ownerless ax GES another ax and before the person whose property was Dam damage takes possession of the gring Ox another person does so that other person wow it's not liable for the damages moreover even if an ox that is defined as the property of an owner causes damage and afterwards the owner consecrated set declares the ownerless pay payment does not expropriate from the body blocks wow payment must to be expropriated must be owned by one person at the time it caused the damage and at the time of the trial so it's funny like you could really figure out the loopholes over here based on what the strict rules are um um okay when an ox whether a tum or a mad belonging to a Jew Gores an ox belonging to a gentile the Jew is not liable wow the rationale is that the Gentiles do not hold a person responsible for damage caused by his livestock now this is argued upon by the rivid so this is the rambam's law this is the way that the rambam sees the law but the rivid defers with the reason stated by the rambam and objects because the Gentiles sees animals in Le of payment for damage that they cause in other words the Torah law says we have specific fines a specific penalty system worked out if my ax causes damage let's say to another person's ax but when it comes to this situation the ram is just saying the Gentiles don't have this law um but the rivet says yeah but the law that they do have is that they just take away the animal it's like oh your animal cause damage now I own your animal um so the rivit maintains that by speaking of a colleague ox the T excludes one belonging to a gentile the Ra's the tour and the R's ruling very interesting so therefore we judge this case by their laws whatever the laws of the Gentiles are of course it's one of the seven laws of Noah that God wants all the nations to have a just court system and in this case the Jewish person would be obligated to use the court system not of the Jewish people but rather of the G who he caused damage to therefore we judge this case according to the laws one by contrast an ox whether a t or a m belonging to a gentile GES an ox belonging to a Jew the Gentile must pay the entire amount of Damages and this is a penalty imposed upon the Gentiles because they are not careful about the observance of the mitz would appear that that means um the MIT and one of them is the law obligating societies to set up a system of civil law and we need to do a better job right now for me and you Ben and for all of us in influencing um the Nations around us to do this and they do not remove factors that can cause damage so basically the penalty that they receive is like they'll have to pay the full full amount if we will not hold them liable for the damage caused by their animals they're not going to guard them and the animals will destroy other people's property so the Jewish people need to stick up for themselves in this case V when an ox that is tum causes damage and then is sold by its owner before the trial takes place the person whose property was damaged May collect his due from it despite the fact that it was sold so before we said if it was consecrated or if it was made ownerless if the guy goes ahead and sells it I guess maybe to try and get rid of his obligation to pay up the person who's owed money can go and collect his due from it before it is transferred to the purchaser and afterward the purchaser should collect that sum from the previous owner who sold it to him and say hey bro you sold me something that had basically like had a lean on it um the rational for this ruling is that once an ox is gored the matter becomes known and the purchaser should not have purchased the animal until the one whose property was damaged had collected his due so he does have a complaint and he could get paid back but he's going to have to deal with that Zion if the owner of an ARS that caus damage consecrates the ARs it is consecrated this law was instituted so that people will not say an animal that was consecrated can lose its status without being redeemed the owner Slaughters the ARs the person who was damaged May collect his du from the meat if the owner gives it away as a present the present is binding the person who damaged whose property was damage collect his D from that from theal thank you if an ox caused damage there was a trial afterwards the owner sold it the sale is of no consequence if he consecrates it it is not consecrated and if he gave it away as a present the present is a no consequence if the creditors of the owner of the AR sees a first to to collect their due from it they are not entitled to retain possession so a person whose property was damaged collects his due from it this applies whether the debt was undertaken before the damage was done or afterward rationale is that even if it belonged to the creditors at the outset and cause damage the person whose property was damaged would be entitled to collect his du I don't understand why they why what what would be wrong with the creditors coming to collect what's do them because the the guy who's Dam who prop damage gets first that's who we mean by the oh we're talking about different creditors yeah ah God I thought that the creditors meant the guy whose property was damaged from what I understand right and that's interesting yeah yeah yeah the end of the makes that clear that this applies whether the debt was undertaken before the damage was done or after wow um okay the following rules apply when an ox that is M cause causes damage regardless of whether the trial took place already or not if the owner has consecrated ated it sold it given it as a present or slaughtered it his deed is binding wait so all of that was about a tum specifically why are we changing it now on a yeah I guess the past three were about a tum and now for some reason an animal which is prone to damage actually you could go ahead and sell it or give it away as a present or sh it even after trial I don't know why if the creditors of the owner lead the aux before lead the aux away before the person whose property was damaged takes possession of it they acquire it the creditors now receive it this applies whether the debt owed them was made before the damage took place or afterwards why okay I'm very intrigued the reason is a person whose property was damaged is entitled to collect his due from the choicest property belonging to the owner all of the owner's property is on lean because of the damage caused wait so I don't I don't get it let me read this footnote here this explains the fundamental difference between damage caused by a tum which again I see more people joined us so I'll I'll reiterate a tum is an animal that's not prone to this type of damage and a mu is an animal that is and was already warned on three separate occasions um when a tum causes damage its own body is on lean for the damage the dam damage is not considered to be a debt owed by the owner of the ax when in contrast to Mu causes damage the opposite is true the person whose property was damaged is no claim to the ox itself ah his claim is born by all the Holdings of its owner wow so you would think that it should be more strict but in a weird way it comes out that the owner has more of a loophole because it it's his he's the guy who's responsible it's not the responsibility of the O well the other case it's not a responsibility of the but the point is it's like a situation and in the other case it's upon the the the debt can be collected or the damages can be collected from the body of the ox whereas in this case it's just this dude who is the owner of this damaging Ox that is required to fix the situation y Benny who turn your turn when the port is required to expropriate property belonging to a person because of damages for the person whose property was damaged the movable property of the person who caus the damage should be expropriated first if he does not own any movable property or the property he owns is not sufficient to pay for all the damages the remain should be expropriated from the choices properties he owns as long as movable property is found even property of inferior quality landed property should not be expropriated did you follow what you just said yes okay that me to reiterate that would be great when a person's property has to be taken because he caused damage to uh someone else's property to pay back he has to pay with his movable property first if he doesn't have if he doesn't property then you take the choices of his land is that what has to happen or that's what we're saying like because it's much better for a person to give away items that he owns than land that he owns so are we saying that this is what has to happen or this is like just better for him but I don't think has meant to take everything away from the D no we're not we're just trying to pay up his debt right so we're saying pay off the deck with movable with movable with metalin correct even if he has the most basic movable property that's not that's very cheap you should give you should he should give it away he should sell it to pay off the debt uh before touching before paying back with his own land I think the yeah the last part is that even it's better to take away metalin than even very cheap line so he might be saying like I don't care about this plot of land I care more about my cell phone and we still will tell him we're taking away your cell phone correct okay you Olive the person who caused the damage dies before he pays the court does not expropriate the movable property the Ming to his heirs instead they expropriate the landed property in the estate taking of that of the least value the rationale is that the person whose property was damaged because becomes one of the creditors of the person who cause a damage and movable property is never considered to be unlean to a creditor if the person his property was damaged seized movable property possession of movable property beling to the person who caus it damage in the latter's lifetime when he was still alive pay for the damages must be collected from this movable property after his death yeah um I just the last part if the person's property was damaged ceased possession of movable property belong to the person who caused the damage the latter in the latter's lifetime payment the damages may be collected from this mobile property okay so they can just go ahead and take it I'm getting a phone call let me just reject it let me go ahead and not take it okay B the have already ordained that a debt owed accreditor can be expropriated from the movable property in the estate in other words even though it's not considered movable property is not considered on lean to a creditor and we would not take it away from his uh inheritors after he passes we the G have ruled that we do I just lost my place give me a second thank you this ruling has been accepted by all the Jewish courts of law therefore damages may also be expropriated from movable property left to air so we apply that here as well it's not just a regular debt but it's damages that this person who had passed cost and is responsible for if the deceased did not leave any movable property then the Creditor can expropriate the landed property of least value for as explained in the previous law whenever a person seeks to expropriate property from SS he is given the property from of the least value we're not going to say you can go take this plot of land or this house or whatever which is very nice we say you can expropriate real estate but it's got to be starting from the least valuable you again well damages should not be collected nor is an atonement fine imposed nor is an animal executed none of these things happen unless definite proof is brought as substantiated by acceptable Witnesses we don't say that since only Shepherds servants and the like are found in the Stables of horses the Stalls of cattle and the corals of sheep their testimony should be accepted if they testify that one animal damaged another similarly if panim or nashim who are not acceptable Witnesses testify that one person injured another or caused another type of damage one might think that we can rely on them this is not so instead Financial redress is required because of the testimony of witnesses only when the Witnesses are acceptable and fit to testify with regard to anything else and they give testimony not anything else the point is on other matters in general because there are situations when usually unacceptable Witnesses would be acceptable um but that's but this is not one of them so they need to be normally acceptable Witnesses and they give testimony and then on that basis the court obligates the one who caused the damages to pay yalid which is the final law of this chapter and we complete today's ROM which is extremely uh amazing to learn because it's t but especially because we learn it together with so many other Jewish people today who all together unite in studying all the tra every single year as per the Reb's directive to do this so we're connecting to the Reb um when an ox was pasturing at the edge session in in memory of Rabbi kog yeah yeah I was talking about that on the stream before calling you yesterday after I finished learning um with Mya there was a guy who was giving a and it's actually on the live stream from yesterday and he was saying how like he started to say lmas but he's like how like what more of an Ali of a can a have other than like after it was just killed you know like literally this person gave his gave his life uh away even while he was a soul within a body for the sake of Hashem and then his uh Soul was forced out of his body by brutal terrorists like what kind of Al can we affect so he was like it should be you know his Merit we should we should grow and we should be elevated through this Terror learn but yeah very very important Benny thank you um when an ox was pasturing at the edge of a river and another Ox is found dead near him even though the dead Ox was gor was gored and the ox that's alive was prone to gore so we have every reason to believe that this Ox did that or the dead Ox Was Bitten and this Ox was prone to bite we don't say that we can be certain that this one bit it or this gour it even if one of a group of camels is known to bite and another camel is found dead at its side we don't say that it's certain that this one killed it unless the matter was observed by acceptable Witnesses in this as in many other instances the rambam emphasizes that circumstantial evidence no matter how indisputable is not sufficient according to Terra La a claim can be established only through the testimony of witnesses right so like there's a certain standard um that the trra has that this is considered evidence this is not considered evidence and it's not necessarily what uh we might think is empirical or or just objectively true and and valid evidence it's not how it works all right now can I show everybody who they've been learning with all right how you doing otherwise is that a watch in your hand yes sir I saw your wrists before from the camera it looked like it looked like you were handling a watch I was curious it looks good it looks nice thank you my papa gave it to me someone gave it to as a gift and he let me see hold it closer to the camera should be making more watch content as per my I actually like that I really like you know I don't know if a lot of well you're holding it upside down but I don't know if a lot of people agree with me um because I don't see that they're selling all the time like people aren't calling me and asking me but I love Arabic numerals like I love a lot of a lot of watches are stick dial or diamond dial you know like there's all sorts there's ones without any without any um like in indication I really like these anyhow okay are we still live or we are still live I'm gonna I think I'm going to end it um I'm trying to oh man I missed my I had AA today an hour ago shoot maybe he thought I was still live town but oh you're coming when are you coming into town Thursday Thursday okay all right so I'll see you on mam see you tomorrow oh tomorrow oh tomorrow over over FaceTime yeah you do you need the watch adjusted or it fits you it it's adjusting uhhuh so if for whatever reason you don't have it adjusted by Thursday you're welcome to bring it to me but uh maybe come already rocking it I wear it it fits on my wrist a little bit oh it's like a little blingy okay some people like wearing their watch like that thank you for reminding me I haven't worn my watch in Days by the way no I feel like if you if it's adjusted it'll be too small that could be I I once adjusted one of my watch and then I regretted it and then I I just put it aside and never picked it up again actually well I wore it tight but then ever since I decided to put it down I didn't pick it up again and yeah oh yeah I just broke it yeah it's broke I don't think so hang on to it because I might I probably have the tools for you it's not it's not broken like someone my father knows a guy who has like a kiosk a jewelry kiosk where he works like a pawn shop that wants to charge for like 60 80 bucks wait $1,680 want to charge them either between 60 to 80 bucks to fix it okay well I mean that's that sounds like a fair price it really depends on the on the watch but that sounds like a low price honestly but I just I just broke the piece I don't know if it's broken broken or so I mean if you're bringing it to someone else then do that but otherwise so bring it bring it on Thursday I'll see if I can fix it for you okay thank you love you one second we're still live yes okay do you want me to end why do you want to tell me some private stuff because I'll end it right now that's exactly the point ah okay all right thank you everybody and ending it takes a few seconds