Rabbi Binyamin Yuhanan - Biblical Hebrew Part 10

good evening today we are continuing chapter seven of the first hebrew primer we are learning about the perfect tense verbs which in english we simply say past tense and we are on page 55 in the middle of doing exercises if you want to have a chart that helps you to have have the endings of the verbs handy turn to page 52 it's good to make a copy of of the chart and the chart gives you the proper form for for the verb in past tense with the proper ending for each pronoun and let's just quickly review it if the verb is shamar to guard i guarded you will say shamarti you guarded for masculine for feminine you would say sha mart you feminine guarded he guarded is shamar that's the simplest form of the of the verb he guarded shamar she guarded shamra we guarded shamarno you guarded here notice the change in vowels instead of you plural masculine guarded and you plural feminine guarded she martin and um they both for masculine and feminine is shamaru like we say the shabbat they guarded now again notice that in uh you plural both for masculine and feminine the value of our link changes from shot to share okay now keep that chart on page 52 handy and today we're gonna do exercises from five and on we'll see how much we can do last week we learned the rules in this chapter and we did the first four exercises now exercise five on page 55 says read the following forms aloud and translate because the second and third person feminine plural forms appear so rarely in the bible we will no longer use them in exercises so you plural feminine and uh they plural feminine um will not be used in exercises and that's okay because they're very similar to masculine anyway and you'll be able to figure it out the feminine one has a nude instead of a mem at the end okay now the way we did it read aloud and translate we went down instead of um going across the entire line we make it harder for ourselves and we go down this way the word changes and the pronoun changes this way you have to think of two things at the same time if you go one line across then the word stays the same throughout the whole line just the pronoun changes so um again we're making it more complicated and therefore the exercise is more valuable so we go column one top to bottom you masculine singular herd you plural masculine stood luck luck it could be it could be um it's a mistake i think it should be let me quickly change it and you also change it in your books first column line five instead of la kahat it should say with a shiva two dots okay good we found a mistake now the last word is avar he passed second column top to bottom you plural masculine went ah we stood la no we took you feminine singular past third column he heard you plural masculine eight i went ahmad masculine plural past or crossed over some masculine singular went amidu they stood you masculine plural took she passed masculine plural heard you feminine singular eight no we walked or we went masculine singular past now the line before the last line you feminine singular heard we passed they passed now we finished exercise five hashem now we go to exercise six read the following pairs of sentences allowed and translate number one ania we stood in front of ma of the mountains sensing sentence 2 yes you masculine singular set on the animal today yes you plural masculine set on the animals today sentence 3. the woman ate bread from the house the women ate bread from the houses exercise sentence iv i guarded the path or a path from jerusalem to egypt we guarded paths from the cities to mountains sentence five shall hammer el even the king sent bread to the servant the kings sent things to the servants and sentence six you feminine singular remembered a young woman in the land and you feminine singular went there [Music] you feminine singular and david remembered a young woman in the land and you went there exercise seven write the correct subject [Music] sorry pronouns for each sentence below read aloud and translate so they um give you a sentence and they leave some words blank and we have to fill in proper pronouns corresponding to the verbs so means we heard so we have to say we we listen to the father and then yes we said so it has to be and we settled in the city sentence two amarta amarta means you masculine singular you said hamish the family passed crossed over from moab and it referring to the family settled in egypt exercise 3 means you masculine singular so that's you took from the bread in the house and then lozaki means i didn't remember so the pronoun has to be ani lo zaharti and i didn't remember sentence 4 children or boys sons ruled over the nation and then shalohu means they send so the pronoun should be avadim and they sent servants to jerusalem now sentence five avatam you plural masculine past so the pronoun should be you crossed and we went on the paths and sentence 6 the man ate bread today yashaf means he and he sat in front of the house we finished exercise seven now we go to page 56 exercise 8 write the correct verb forms in each sentence below read and translate each sentence so for every exercise they give you the verb and you have to apply the verb correctly in each sentence so the first verb is he said so that's singular masculine is masculine plural which is they pronoun they the brothers the brothers said we guarded slaves in the city be atta you masculine singular atta you said i guarded a slave in this in this city c at feminine singular you said he guarded servants in the land we said we guarded animals on the mountain and e habbat habad is she it's a feminine singular i guarded cities and lands like a king now second word laka he took the man took brothers to the king and they stood there be atem you plural masculine atem you took it you took bread for the servant in the house [Music] we took things for the nation in this city sarah and root are feminine plural they took animals to egypt atta you masculine singular you took bread and you ate there in front of the family now the third word he ate now the a the animal ate in on on mountains and we sat and we ate in the city be at you feminine singular you ate bread in jerusalem today and you did not remember you feminine singular did not remember boys sons and daughters in the house [Music] on the path to moab the lawyer shafty and i did not say sit today di ata you masculine singular ah and the young man did not eat he [Music] and the animals they are feminine but the form doesn't change and animals ate like animals ate like animals good now the man passed over from egypt to moab the hema and they masculine like who took him they took women and animals from the c ish means a man passed to the land and he guarded animals there and the attack you passed the way or you crossed the road and you took a young woman for a wife for a woman which means for a wife and finally passed to moab via basham and she settled there and she did not remember a family in jerusalem now go to page 57 exercise nine rabbi may i ask a question sure but when do you know when to add the top at the end of the word to make it masculine if it's uh you masculine you say if it's feminine that ends at so then you say avart no but i mean in the case of a letter e where we have root and over here you said right yes you didn't you didn't add that at the end because the top is only for you you is so that gets tough she is uh without tough it's he so for she we use just she passed okay thank you tough we add only for at and atta okay the ending of the verb corresponds to the ending of the pro pro verb ani and then you'd you masculine plural uh remembered atem 10 10 attempts and so on okay now exercise 9 on page 57 rewrite the sentences below replacing the underlined word with each word that follows read the sentences aloud and translate so we did this type of exercises in the past first we read the original sentence we translate and then instead of the underlined word we will which is a pronoun we will put a different pronoun and that will change the sentence you masculine plural took bread from jerusalem you masculine plural went on the way to the mountain now instead of atem we put who and correspondingly you have to change the second pronoun as well and they masculine plural went on the road to the mountain [Music] now second sentence i stood on the way to on the mountains i ate bread from the city vani zakharti and i remembered people there now the word ani we will replace with you feminine singular now we go to exercise sentence three you feminine singular said to the king i heard the man or i listened to the man and you didn't listen to the man you didn't listen to the man now the word at you feminine singular we will replace with who the second half of the sentence doesn't change because that's a quotation of what the person said that doesn't change atem bet you plural masculine atem is i here you have to change because it's plural so you can say shamati [Music] and so now i realize in gimul also we have to say so we listened okay now we go to sentence four atem you plural sing uh plural masculine to egypt today and you didn't settle there so the word atem you we change he passed [Music] i'm sorry we are in sentence five i skipped i mean in sentence four [Music] the nation which is singular masculine actually what did we say the um um let me just double check the word nation sounds like masculine but i don't want to make a mistake yes i am nation people is masculine okay um so it's it's he masculine yes and now we go to sentence 5. abraham said two sons to the sons in moab avarti elirush alaim i passed to jerusalem from the mountains and i ate there now alef avarnu we passed avarno so we have to replace the word avarti instead of avarti i passed we have to say avarnu that makes it means we um so we cannot say ahmad abraham anymore avar he passed again for those that just joined we are on page 57 exercise seven sentence five letter bet who avad he she m i did not take bread from the servants now the word ani we have to replace since it's plural we have to change again the quotation stays the same unless it changes to plural um who masculine sent daughters before the king now the word atem you [Music] exercise nine now we are going to exercise 10 we have exercise 10 and 11 left let's see if we can do it today exercise 10 on page 57 read and translate each hebrew sentence and then translate each english sentences translate the english sentences below using the hebrew sentence as a guide so here we'll have to translate from english to hebrew which is a little bit more difficult but first we're given a sample sentence number one i ruled over the nation and over the land vanish and i listened to the father i ruled over the people you masculine singular singular ruled over the people you masculine plural ruled over the land atem d you masking plural ruled over the land and you listen to the fathers good now ex sentence two and exercise 10 we send things to the sunshine but we did not and we did not send a thing to the family now age i first sentence e yes oh okay thank you so i'm gonna go back to um e you f feminine singular at ruled over the land and you listen to the people okay now we send things to the children we did not send things to the children see you plural did not send things to the family and i did not send bread to the young women okay and now e you feminine singular which is odd send things to the family and you did not send a thing to the children and now on page 58 sentence 3 you masculine singular said to the brother you stood you masculine singular stood in front of the nation in the land a you said to the brother i said to the brother you stood before the people in the city [Music] you stood before the family in the house d they said to the woman amro can be both they feminine or are they masculine so um so depending on what you mean either say uh hema or henna hema um you stood before the people and we say at because you speaking to a woman is ut you stood before the people at ahmad lifne and e she said to avraham to abraham he avraham we stood before the people in moab good and now read and enjoy the following story this is uh uh we're gonna translate from hebrew to english su vulu su and lu are two names su from here we see is a name of a boy lou you took bread from the house and you ate from the bread lou now lou is saying [Music] no i did not take bread from the house you feminine singular took bread from the house sue now sue says you took it you took lu atlas you plural masculine did not take bread from the house i took bread from the house said oh [Music] and they did not say a world mazato we finished chapter seven the next chapter chapter eight the direct object is that hashem we will do next week thank you for listening please do all the exercises again make sure you write down all the written exercises practice yourself and hashem will continue learning next week have a great day