Rabbi Binyamin Yuhanan Parshat Behukotai 3

passes now what if this person is between 60 years of agent up an elder for the male the valuation is 15 1 5 silver shackles and for a female it is 10 silver coins now in verse 8 the Torah tells us if the person is too poor for valuation yes he promised to give the money but he doesn't have so he comes to the temple comes to the Cohen and says I promise to give the value of myself or someone else and I don't have the money what can I do so the the Cohen should evaluate him according to what the person making the vow can afford should the coin evaluate him and we tell him show us your resources what you have your savings your possessions and we will give to you whatever are essential utensils whatever you need for your livelihood and for your comfort and the rest we will sell so that you can pay for your commitment now next we learn what if a person sanctifies an animal to bring to Hashem if it is verse 9 if it is a kind of animal that one can bring as an orphan to Hashem which means it's a kosher animal that is brought as a Corban sheep goat or cow whatever part of it he may give to Hashem shall be holy whether the whole animal becomes holy or a part of an animal for example if a person says I want to give the leg of this animal to Hashem so only the leg becomes um holy what do we do we sell the animal and we take from the money the value of the leg and with that value we buy something that can be used in betamic dash for example we can buy a little lamb we can buy a bird we can buy flour wine or oil and that can be used on the altar verse 10 teaches us about the negative commandment not to exchange your commitment for something else he shall not exchange exchange it nor substitute it whether good for bad or bad for good but if he does substitute one animal for another animal then both of them will be holy for example a person said I'm gonna give this cow to Beta miktash and then he looks at the cow and he feels bad you know why did I give away this cow I could have used it myself maybe I should substitute it for a sheep he grows and says let this sheep be instead of the cow it's a sin and not only that both the sheep and the cow remain holy and now both of them have to be brought to betamic Dash verse 11. what if a an animal that was Sanctified became blemished can't bring it as a an offering anymore what do you do and if it is any disqualified animal from which they may not bring an offering to Hashem then he shall stand the animal before the Quran and the kohen shall evaluate whether good or bad like the kohen's evaluation so shall it be the Quran looks at the animal and says this animal with the blemish costs so much if you want you can buy it and that's the value of the of this animal that a person needs to pay in order to buy this animal from betamic Dash that is if the animal was a an offering that developed a blemish any Jew can buy it for the price that the market price of this animal now however if he redeems it if the owner the one that Sanctified the animal wants to buy it back from the temple after it became blemished he must add a fifth to the valuation and here the fifth is 25 which is a quarter you added to other four quarters you get five quarters so if the original animal cost a hundred dollars he has to pay 125 dollars in order to buy his own animal back from betamic Dash if he wants to eat it now in verse 14 on page 721 we learn about a person who wants to donate his house or the value of his house it will betamic Dash if a man consecrates his house to be holy of to Hashem the kohen shall evaluate it verse 15 and if one who sanctified Sanctified it will redeem his house he shall add a fifth of the money evaluation to it and it shall be his if anyone else buys the house from betamic Dash they pay market value but a person who donated it will charge him extra for changing his mind so a person can commit to pay the value of a human being to betamic Dash value of an animal or the animal itself and he can donate his house now in verse 16 we learn about um donation of fields of land and there are two kinds of land there is a land that the Jewish people received when they entered is the land of Israel with Joshua that is called ancestral land and then there is a land that you buy from someone else if a man consecrates a field from his ancestral heritage to Hashem the valuation shall be according to its seating an area seated by a homer of barley for 50 silver shekels which they make a calculation if it's an area of 300 000 square feet the value of it is um silver coins and depending on the the area of the field you use this proportion to pay more or less 50 silver shackles in an area where you can plant a homer a special measure of barley again it is 300 thousand square feet verse um 18. that is if he consecrated the field at the beginning of the 50-year cycle called Yeovil however if he consecrates his field after the Jubilee year sometime in the middle of the 50 years the kohen shall calculate the money for him according to the remaining years until the Jubilee year since he is only donating the field to the temple for 50 years and then during jovel Jubilee the field will go back to him therefore we calculate how many years are left until you will and it shall be subtracted from its valuation and if one who consecrated the field will redeem it himself he shall add a fifth to the money evaluation to or to it but if he does not redeem the field then it comes back to him in during the oval however if the temple Treasurer already sold the field to another Jew if he had sold the field to another man it cannot be redeemed anymore and a field that was donated to the temple and then sold at an auction to another Jew does not go back to its original owner um during Yeovil so what happens to it when Yeovil comes then when the field goes out in the Jubilee it shall it will be holy to Hashem it shall become the cohens it is divided by the kohanim um after Yom Kippur now verse 22 what if it's a field that was bought by one Jew from another Jew but if he will consecrate to Hashem a field that he acquired that is not a field from his ancestral heritage since it's not he is property he cannot donate it fully to betamic Dash and therefore the kohen shall calculate the value according to the area of the land and if she wants he can redeem it or someone else can redeem it however verse 24 in the Jubilee year the field shall return to the one from whom he acquired it it will go to the original seller the original owner whose ancestral heritage of the land it was now the Torah tells us what is a shekel it's a sacred shackle that is used in betamic dash and that shackle is 20 Gera a smaller coin 20 Guerra makes one shekel that's the shackle to be used in these valuations now we learn about um animal that is first born male however verse 26 A firstborn that will become a first link for Hashem among livestock and man shall not consecrate it whether it is of oxen or of the flock it is hashems which means unlike regular animals you have a choice to consecrate them to donate them to betamic Dash or to declare that they are going to be a korban or you can keep them for yourself and eat them a first-born male animal born to sheep goats or cows becomes holy becomes consecrated becomes a qurban automatically as soon as it is born that's why it says you should not consecrate it you should not make it a a different Quran you can't take the firstborn and say you know what I want to bring it as hola can bring it as Allah because it's already holy as uh first born as Bihar now verse 28 first verse 27 what if the animal that you want to donate to the temple is not Kosher animal if among the unclean animals he shall redeem it according to the valuation and add a fifth to it which means if a person donates a horse or a camel to the vitamin Dash it cannot be brought as a Quran so it will be evaluated and someone can redeem it and if it's the only he adds a fifth however there is an exception if it's a donkey that a first-born donkey also has Holiness regular donkey you can donate through this procedure but the firstborn donkey you have to exchange for a baby sheep and give the Sheep to the kohen and then you can do anything you want with a donkey now verse 28 what's called segregated property property that you say I'm forbidden to use I'm donating it to the temple or to the kohanim however any segregated property that a man will segregate for the sake of Hashem whether human being animal or the field or of ancestral heritage may not be sold and may not be redeemed any segregated item maybe Most Holy to Hashem either if you say it's for a temple it goes to the betamic dash or you say I want to donate to kohanim then the kohanim divided among themselves verse 29 teaches us that anyone who received death uh sentence must not be redeemed for money any condemned person who has been banned from mankind shall not be redeemed he shall be put to death which means there is no bail there is no bribe a person cannot say I'll give you a million dollars I'll give you give you billion dollars just keep me alive no if the court pronounced that he deserves death penalty he must be put to death verse 30 we learn about maaser which is called tithe in English any tithe of the land of the seed of the land of a of the fruit of the tree belongs to Hashem it is Holy to Hashem so if it is the first one said it is given to the Levites and if it is the the Jew himself can bring it to yerushalayim and eat it there he and his family verse 31 if a person shall redeem some of his tithe he shall add his fifth to it the second master that we separate the second ten percent can be redeemed for example if person says I have so much food God blessed me with so much grain and wine and fruits that if I take 10 it's going to be too much to carry to yerushalayim I can't so then he's able to redeem it with money now the money is going to be holy he can sell this master as a regular food to someone else or store it for later and he can carry the money to Jerusalem and buy food over there verse 32 speaks about Maser behema that every year all the animals that are born to a Jewish Family in that year you gather all of them and you choose every tenth you lead them through a narrow opening you count them and every tenth you separate and you Mark and you say this is any tithe of cattle or of the livestock any that passes under the staff the tenth one shall be holy to Hashem if to bring you to uh betamic Dash as an offering however as we said the way you choose it you just let them go randomly through a narrow opening he shall not distinguish between good and bad whether it's a little lamb a big lamb a fat or skinny doesn't matter whichever one it is we give to Hashem and don't substitute be for it and if he does substitute for it then it and its substitute shall be holy it may not be redeemed this concludes the the this discussion of all the Commandments and now the Torah summarizes it in the last verse verse 34 on page 723 these are the Commandments that Hashem commanded Moshe to the children of Israel on Mount Sinai and at the conclusion of each one of the five uh poor books of the Torah the the some have accustomed to say be strong be strong and may we be strengthened thank you for joining have a good night shabbat shalom um