Rabbi Binyamin Yuhanan - Pesach Preparations Demystified

good evening thank you everyone um for joining welcome today's class is sponsored by an anonymous sponsor sponsors are always welcome and they help ahmed to continue and help others um the class is dedicated little fosh lima of all the people that uh neither the sponsors family and close uh friends and bizarre may the whole israel have refashion whoever needs children should have children and everyone should be inspired by the the the upcoming holiday we should really become free leave our personal slavery and bizarre me we all married to see mashiach this coming year hopefully even before passover so today the class is going to be about pesa preparation as well as brief description of the mitzvoth of the setter the the pesach said first we are going to go through how to clean comments in the entire house then we're gonna go to how to cushion your utensils and appliances and then we will speak about the steps on the day um of bidikat hamets the day of burning the hamas and shabbat right before pesach what to do on the day um everything i'm gonna be speaking about is in the packet that is on the emmett website as well as it was uh posted on what's happened and and uh all over the internet if you can print it out uh alternatively you can view it now but make sure you do print it before pass passa so that it can help you on yom tov as well because on the center when we cannot use our phones you will have the the instructions for the setter and lastly we will go through the mitzvoth of the cedar and the proper way of um eating massage drinking wine maror and every every other part of the cedar the amounts the volume that it needs to be to be eaten or drunk okay let us start first of all the um the law about comments teaches us that not only we're not allowed to eat hamets we're also not allowed to possess it we're not allowed to possess it and uh we're not allowed to benefit from it therefore in addition to making sure that we don't eat it we have to check the entire house as well as all our properties including movable properties like the car and offices as well as all children's and adult pockets coats handbags knapsacks to make sure that we don't have any hamas and if we have a large amount of hamads that we cannot get rid of we can sell it to a non-jew and then buy it back after passover and uh these two prohibitions have different amounts we're not allowed to eat any amount of hummus even a tiny crown even a drop of mohammed's mixture is forbidden however the amount of for for possessing hammers is a kazaite an olive's volume that means that when we are cleaning the kitchen and all the areas where we eat we have to do a thorough cleaning and we have to make sure that there is not a speck of comets because we are not allowed to eat even a tiny bit of hummus however when we are cleaning the rest of the house when we are cleaning bedrooms and the hallways and bathrooms there we don't have to be as careful as long as we don't have pieces that are edible and they are the size of an olive or larger we are okay we just remove any helmets that is edible uh let's say a cheerio size or larger and the rest we can ignore therefore a person should spend majority of his time cleaning his kitchen and his uh utensils and appliances and only a small portion of the time searching throughout the house looking for packages and looking for bottles that have actual comets or mixtures of hummus but you don't really have to worry about crumbs that are on the floor crumbs that are in um cracks in your uh hardwood floor uh stains of helmets on walls and and ceiling and hummus that is under heavy appliances that you're not planning to move all those you don't have to worry about to make your job easier on pesach concentrate only on comments that is that it is a possibility that you might eat it now another idea to make your life easier is that in addition to selling the actual comments to a non-jew andrew we can also sell any comments that is stuck to our utensils and appliances and we can sell all the closets that may have comets that will help us not to check those closets and not to clean those closets those pots and pans even whole rooms so only check and clean on pests are things that you actually need for pesa areas of your house that you can just close including rooms including closets appliances like toasters microwave grills that you are not going to need on passover just close it mark it uh that is sold block it off limit the access and you don't have to worry about it include it in your sale and since it's not going to belong to you you don't have to clean it therefore it's recommended to choose a few closets that you think you may need uh for your pasta dishes and your pesto food and clean empty and clean only them the rest of the closet you don't have to worry about just close them tape them and mark them and sell them okay when you are separating your comments you can even separate the comments that is in the refrigerator or in the freezer but it has to be in a separate bag or on a separate shelf covered the comments and non-hummus foods should not be mixed even if you are selling all your comments to a non-jew we are concerned that you might forget and when you see comets on your shelf exposed you might eat it so in order to avoid it put it in a separate bag tied or put it on a separate shelf and cover it mark it that is sold but it can stay in your refrigerator or in your freeze freezer if you have a regular vacuum cleaner that has a bag that collects dust and dirt make sure you throw it out before passover because as you vacuum you might have cookies and cereal collecting in that bag and you don't want to have any comments in your possession similarly if the time for your garbage removal is after the passover starts make sure you don't have comments sitting inside your garbage can on your property on passover if you know that the garbage collection is um on passover either dispose of all comets at the previous garbage collection or bring it to a public [Music] facility public garbage can so that hamas is not on your property and if you have no uh ability to dispose of hamas off of your property then you have to make it inedible by uh spraying it with bleach before putting it into the garbage can okay and the reason why it's not enough to just isolate comments put it away and not sell it is because any comments even though you're not eating it but it belonged to you after pesach becomes forbidden so even though you're not eating comments and that's good but if you possess comments that comments becomes inedible and after passive you will have to dispose of it and not only that on pesach such a person transgresses the the negative commandment of possessing comments so not only you have to um find the comments put it away in a safe place you also have to sell that comments as well as any other comments that you may have forgotten or didn't see okay now if you have the pa the packet from emmett with you you can follow along i'm now going to page three of the packet and let's go through the appliances in the kitchen first of all the oven there are two types of oven self-cleaning oven and regular oven if you have self-cleaning oven cleaning it is very easy all you have to do is set it on a full self-cleaning cycle and after the cycle is finished your oven is kosher for passover if your oven is um not self uh doesn't have self cleaning option then you actually have to clean the oven from all spills you have to make sure it doesn't have any um caked on hummus or food which means you have to wash it very well with a sponge with special oven cleaner and only after you clean all the spills and you clean the uh uh the actual uh hummus stains and the and the pieces of hummus from the oven then you set the oven to the highest temperature that it can go to usually 450 or 500 degrees or if you have broil you put it on broil and you keep it like that for one hour after which you can use the oven if a person can bake all his food before passover that is recommended because before passover the laws of muhammad are more lenient if any drop of comets fell into your food before passover it becomes nullified in 60. however if you cook on passover and the drop of hummus falls into your food it does not become nullified and the entire food becomes forbidden even if it's only a tiny bit of hummus therefore many people have accustomed to cook and bake all their pesach food before this way there's a greater guarantee that the food is kosher um and such food can be stored in refrigerated or frozen and then just warmed up on the on yonder next is the microwave the microwave also you have to remove all crumbs all stains and wash it well with a sponge soaked in detergent or soapy water and after you washed it and the microwave is absolutely clean you put a bowl of water and you turn the microwave on for a few minutes or as long as it takes for water to to boil and once the water is boiling and the entire interior of the microwave is filled with steam then you can turn it off remove the water and wipe the microwave and it's ready for pesa and the general rule is that utensils and appliances that we clean with boiling water you have to first wait 24 hours from its last use and only then you follow the steps you can do the cleaning before but then cushioning it with boiling water or with steam has to be 24 hours after last use for the oven that is self-clean uh it's not necessary because there we we use fire and we burn everything but for microwave or for utensils that we're going to boil you do need to wait 24 hours since they were used last time okay also for the microwave remember that the glass plate needs to be washed very well on both sides now we go to page four of the pamphlet the stove top to um we will speak about each item as we go down the list don't worry uh the list has everything so we're not gonna going to forget bazaar the stovetop the of course you have to wash with soap the the surface the stove top has two two parts the the metal uh flat surface plus the black metal um grates cast iron grates that um that hold the pot so of course you have to wash with soap and and make sure there are no crumbs on the surface of the stove top but the grates require additional um cleaning and you have three options either you can put them into the self-cleaning oven and you don't have to wash them you just put them in a self-cleaning oven and they are kosher right after use of course they might be covered with suit with black dust you have to clean them not to make everything dirty but they will be kosher after the self-cleaning cycle if you don't have self-cleaning oven then you have two other options either you place a a piece of aluminum foil as just enough to cover the area with where the part goes let's say a a piece of aluminum foil the size of a piece of paper you put it on one grate at the tire at the time just flat on top you turn the stove burner on the highest flame for two minutes and after that it's ready you turn off the heat and you move the aluminum foil to the next grate and like this you do every great and the third option especially useful for large grades where the fire will not be able to spread and heat up the entire grade is to just wash them and afterwards put them into the sink and pour boiling water over every part of the grate it can be done part piece by piece to make sure every part of the grate is covered by boiling water if you put grates into the self-cleaning oven you don't have to wash them because the self-cleaning oven the heat is so strong that it will burn whatever food is uh stuck to the grate okay um now the the actual burner sometimes the the plate that covers the burner gets dirty as well so you would also take off that plate and uh and wash it with soap if you have electric stove top and they come in two different um kinds either you have the exposed element the heating element that glows is exposed and you put the pot directly on it that's very easy you just turn it on until it becomes red hot and that's it you turn it off and you're done if you have a stove top that's covered by glass you have to wash the entire surface with soap and then also you turn it on each grate each burner one at a time until it's red hot and that is again enough next is the black or the metal sheet that we use for shabbat preferably you should get a new uh black just special for pesach but if you cannot you have to wash it very well from all the stains and then cover it with aluminum foil on top and that's it now if you have a plata electric platter or electric hot plate you have to wash it well with soap and then cover it with aluminum foil um for the entire duration of pestle next we go to the dishwasher dishwasher we have to make sure that there are no spill or no actual food in the dishwasher and once the dishwasher is clean you have to put soap in it and run an empty cycle with hot water with detergent and after uh an empty cycle the the dishwasher may be used for passover as you see all these laws are very easy quick painless hashem now next is sync for sync you don't need to wait 24 hours it's preferable but you don't have to and the reason is because we generally don't use the sink for um to put hot food directly onto the sink we usually uh put pots in there and uh and if we put vegetables there the them they're not hot okay so what do you do you wash it with soap make sure it's clean and then you pour boiling water on every part of the sink um it can be done one part at the time if you don't have enough boiling water the only condition is that every time you pour the sink has to be dry so if you only had enough boiling water to cover one half of the sink dry the sink prepare more boiling water and then pour more um boiling water on the second half of the sink and if possible it's it's a preferable to put a sink rack on the bottom the dish rack it's good to use a new dish rack otherwise wash it very well alternatively you can cover your dish rack for drying your dishes with a clean towel and a note about tablecloths towels linen all these things that go into the washing machine once they're washed with detergent they become kosher for pesa so you can take your table cloth towels and everything else that can go into the washing machine including clothing children's clothing that once had helmets in them and their dirty clothing that they spilled comments on all that you can wash in the washing machine and all clothing will become kosher fat for pasta now let's continue with counters there are three options for counters now some people uh clean the counters and cover the counters with some kind of um plastic or wood or or cloth that is praiseworthy but it's not required the second option is to clean all counters with soap and and sponge and afterwards pour boiling water on them and um if a person can do that that's good that is the the basic halacha to just clean it with soap and then pour boiling water however if your counter cannot handle boiling water or you don't want to pour boiling water because you're worried or not to get burned or not to make a mess or don't have time for it then just wash your counters with soap and sponge very well and make sure you don't put food directly on it throughout pesach which means which is normally done in the household anyway you always use a cutting board or plates to put food on don't put food directly on the counter especially if the food is hot next is for your table all you need to do is wash the surface of the table and always use a plastic or cloth to cover the table we don't need to cover the table with aluminum foil or anything like that it's enough that the table is clean and that there is one layer of table cover either plastic or cloth on it next is hot water urn um a normal hot water urn all you have to do is rinse it on the inside and wash it or just wipe it down with a with a sponge a soapy sponge on the outside and wash the spout um however if you used your hot water urn to warm up your collar during the year preferably you should not use that urn on passage but if you have to um put the the cover into the boiling water after washing it very well okay now we go to page five of the pesach uh packet now we go to um utensils i just want to mention um any kitchen appliance or utensil that is complicated that is composed of multiple parts that are connected and between the parts there's a small space that is very difficult to clean such utensils should not be used on pessa because little crumbs or stains of hummus might be stuck there and since it's very hard to clean inside on pasta food might get there and and the stick to comets and then remove the comets and bring to the rest of your food shalom so this includes food processors mixers that that have connecting parts gaskets complicated uh covers uh and and other parts that are very hard to clean if they're metal you can after washing it with soap you can put it over fire to burn any hummus that might be cracks but if it's plastic or rubber you're not going to be able to heat it up and therefore preferably you should not use it unless you know that you only use this food processor with vegetables and other non-humid foods for example if you had a meat grinder that you only use for meat and chicken and vegetables but you never put dough in it or any spices that may be hummus then such a such a meat grinder just wash and you would be able to use it on a pestle however if um you use the meat grinder on four comments then you should not clean it for pesa because it's it has many parts and it's difficult to to make sure that it's uh free of comments now we move on to utensils pots and pans and uh and silverware and dishes how do we clean them um and cushion them for pesa ideally ideally you should have a separate set of all pots and pans and dishes for pasta this will make your life much easier and faster to prepare for pasta you just put away the old dishes pick out the new ones however if a person cannot do it then he needs to clean and cushion the dishes every year for pessa now separate before we use metal or glass or porcelain fine china dishes we have to immerse them in micro if you have not done it so you can still do it even after use as long as the utensil is clean now if your utensils are new you don't need to crush them you can just rinse them and or wash them and use them for passing if your utensils are um used then you need to cushion them the the general rule for cushioning is if a utensil is used only for cold food all it needs is washing but if the utensil is used for hot then you need to do hagala you need to boil water in it or dip the utensil into a pot of boiling water this rule is also applied to other appliances an appliance that is only used for cold water for example a refrigerator that's used only for cold food does not need cautionary refrigerator you just wash with soapy sponge and that's it we don't need to uh cover refrigerator shelves with anything as long as soapy water and sponge touched every surface the refrigerator becomes kosher now um it's good to have a large pot in which you will boil water and you will dip your utensils and that pot does not have to be a pasta that means as long as this pot is clean and it was not used in the last 24 hours even though it is meaty even though it's dairy even though it's hummus big as long as it's clean and it was not used in the last 24 hours you can use that pot to warm up to boil water and then you can dip your utensils that you want to make them kosher for pessa so all your silverware spoons forks knives after cleaning them very well making sure that in crevices between the uh the the teeth of the fork you clean all the the dirt the knife between the blade and the handle often there is dirt you clean that dirt after that you can put all your utensils into the boiling water wait until the water boils and then take them out and put them in cold water the same process is for metal pots pans poles as long as they are made from stainless steel or aluminum or cast iron you clean them very well there should be no stains on them and then you immerse them into that big pot and if you have a pot that is not going to fit into another big pot then you would have to fill it up with water and boil the water and then make sure that some water spills over the edge to crush the edge and remember that for every utensil that you caution you have to caution the lid or the cover as well and if the lid doesn't fit in completely you can put it in partially and then rotate it so that the entire lid is dipped in has a chance to be in boiling water okay now that's the important difference between immersing utensils in the mikvah where the entire utensil needs to be in the microwave at the same time and immersing the utensil in boiling water in order to crush it where it does not have to be immersed at the same time you can do let's say you have a long ladle you can immerse that ladle in boiling water halfway and then turn it upside down and immerse it uh the other way now we continue with uh glass glass cups and plates according to safari custom do not absorb and therefore they never become non-kosher any uh hummus food that they came into contact with is only on the surface does not get absorbed inside and therefore all glass utensils can be washed well with soap and as long as they're completely clean no stains on them they can be used for passover and what's included in glass any kind of glass whether it's clear or colored including pyrex and corel it's enough to wash them with soap next comes uh porcelain normally porcelain we do not cushion ceramic clay earthenware we do not cut however if a person cannot afford or he's in a difficult situation he doesn't have opportunity to buy separate plates for passover if these plates were not used for one year he can dip them in boiling water three times in separate boiling water in three separate pots and then he can use them similarly plastic under normal circumstances we do not care but if a person does not have opportunity to buy other plastic utensils he can dip them in boiling water three times and use them again this is not to be used um in normal circumstance only if a person doesn't have any other choice um next come utensils that have non-stick surface they're metal but they have teflon or some other kind of nonstick surface whether it's ceramic or any other name generally we do not cushion them as well for pesach if a person has no choice then we would follow the same procedures for plates he would uh after cleaning them very well boil them in three different waters and in such a case it's also a good idea to add some detergent to your boiling water okay now we go to page six and here we have a a list of old utensils that it's enough to just wash them with soap and as i said that includes anything that was used with only cold food refrigerator freezer it's enough just to wash them with soap don't need to cover cabinets again you just wash them with soap don't need to cover and you can put your pesa uh plates and packages directly into your shelves and the cabinets without covering them garbage can also should be washed with soap um we mentioned glass even though they used with hot can be washed with soap and that is enough uh your kiddush cups enough to wash it with soap chairs tables um dentures salt shakers all these things can be uh washed just with sponge and soap and be used on on pesta similarly uh high chair for your baby and the the table for the high chair it's enough to wash it with soapy water and sponge and it's enough you don't need to pour boiling water you don't need to um cover it again the idea is since we never put boiling hot food for your baby so it's not a problem just wash it with soap certain appliances we do not cushion for pasta like toasters toaster ovens and mixers and food processors i mentioned before that we do not kosher them because it would be not practical to capture them okay um now medicines all medicines that are in a pill form or tablet form that you swallow that you do not chew that don't have a taste are permitted again any medicine that is in a pill form or tablet form that you swallow are permitted on pesa and again this includes medicine not vitamins vitamins have to be kosher for pasta vitamins we have to make sure they don't have any um comets ingredients even though you're swallowing them because vitamins are considered food supplements and therefore they are treated like food whereas medicines that that are taken uh for the for an existing disease are not considered food and therefore you can you can um take them without checking for comments now there is a list of medicines i'm gonna tell you which page it's on it's in the packet on page towards the end of the packet on page 18. on page 18 you have a list of medicines that do not that have taste that do not require special supervision there are many others but but similar but simple medications that are popular are listed here uh for example i'm gonna read popular popular ones benadryl liquid all flavors dye free liquid all flavors children's chewable benadryl all permitted [Music] um metamucil powder is permitted miralax powder is permitted pepto-bismol liquid is permitted original milk of magnesia magnesia philips original purp is permitted seneca okay toms are permitted as well motrin infant and children's liquid is permitted tylenol children's all flavors permitted infants tylenol liquid all flavors permitted okay thank you for asking that question again it's on page 18 of your packet now we continue um similarly if you have a tray for serving food you can just wash it with soap and you can use the same serving tray the same idea goes for corkscrew can opener as long as they're washed with a soap and sponge and they're clean you can use them for pesach now we continue with going over the packet uh one more more item that it's enough to wash with soap is the washing cup for which you wash the tilapia dime in the morning or for bread it's enough just to wash it with soap um our custom is to replace the toothbrush every passover if a person cannot replace the toothbrush it's enough to just wash it well with soap page seven on in your packet sale of hummus as we mentioned every person should sell their comments even if your customer is not to sell comments but to get rid of all hummus it's still a good idea to fill out the sale of muhammad's form so that if you forgot or didn't notice comments in your home it will be sold and it will not become forbidden after pesach some people prefer not to sell hummus that is the best way but rather to get rid of all comments but for families where you have a lot of comments and or you cannot afford it or you have children who may need special food right after pesach you can it is permitted to sell comments but you have to do it with a valid orthodox rabbi or an organization you have to do it before comments becomes forbidden which means you have to do it by 11 a.m on friday before pesach this year 2021 when pesach starts on shabbat what say shabbat saturday night you have to sign and deliver the paper to the rabbi for the sale of comments by 11 a.m on friday morning now okay now let's continue to page eight this uh page contains okay someone is asking about selling comments you can sell any comments preferably you should only sell comments that you cannot afford to get rid of ideally if you are in a position that you can consume give away or throw out all your comments you should do that but if you cannot you can sell and you can sell any comments whether it's a closed package open package used new you can sell all comments in your possession okay now page 8 of your packet contains the guide for the times for the first days of passover and um for example on thursday march 25th in the evening we search for hummus after 7 30 p.m approximately uh in queens new york on friday march 26th you have to sell and burn comets before 11 47 am on shabbat march 27th the latest time to eat comments is 10 28 which means you have to finish your shabbat prayers and you have to come home and start your meal and finish your comments by 10 28 at which point you have to get rid of remaining comments flush it down on the toilet collect all the crumbs flush them wash your hands brush your teeth if necessary and by 10 28 you have to be hummus free and it also contains uh candlelighting times for friday evening saturday evening and sunday evening so print out either the whole packet or at least this page because it will have times and the procedure for the the holiday um the rest of the page contains instructions how to perform vedic comments when to do it how to do the comments nullification of comments and we do it three times once by the night of the decade comments once in the morning after burning comments this year we do it three times usually two times and on shabbat morning after we got rid of all comments by 10 28 after that time we do the final bitul hames okay next we continue with the seder the passover passover said we go to page nine of your packet the setter is the same for both nights of pesach the same procedure you do the first night the same second night except that this this uh year 2021 since the first night of pesach is mate shabbat we will have to do uh uh havdalah in the kidus of the first night of pesach and the kidus uh will in addition to the regular kidus will have the special blessing for the candle so you will need an additional candle if you have a two weeks use a candle with two weeks if you don't use a candle with one week or you can use two thin hanukkah candles the colorful ones that are not kosher for hanukkah you can use them for havdallah this year and you make a special blessing for the candles and you say a blessing for hafdala within kidus the second night you you just do the regular kidus without half dollar blessing now uh somebody is asking question about what if you want to finish all your comments before shabbat yes that is a good idea in such a case uh for friday night you can use machine matzah that's kosher for passover doesn't have to be shmura but for shabbat day we're not allowed to eat matzah even though it's not shmure and even though it's machine for in such a case you would either eat egg matzo or preferably you should fry a machine matzah before shabbat with eggs which means you would make a batter like afa omelette just eggs you can add salt and pepper whatever you want and then dip each muzzy it has to be a complete matzah not broken you dip it into the the batter of eggs and fry it on both sides and then you can use that matzah for shabbat day if you want for the night as well and you would say hamotzi on it as long as it's a whole matzah and you can use it for all three meals of shabbat including sudash lishi now sudashi sheep has to be eaten before 4 p.m on shabbat after 4 p.m you cannot eat matzah anymore you would have to say make sudashi with other kinds of food like meat and fruits vegetables and fish again if you eat regular matzah for friday night you can say hamotzi on it if you eat fried masala with eggs complete uh slice you can say hamod c on it if you decide to eat egg matzah there are different opinions some allow you to say how much on it some you say you should say that's therefore it's it's uh not ideal to use egmatsa but if a person has to uh he can eat egg matzah for the three meals of shabbat but again he will enter a major look at an argument some will tell you to say miss or not on it unless you eat a huge amount and some will say you can yeah that you can say hamon si again ask your personal rabbi now let's continue with the said it's very important that uh we perform all the mitzvoth of the said and there are seven myths vote two of them are thor mitzvot with the writer and that is to read um the the haggadah the story of peso passover and to eat matzah now again someone is asking question why can't we eat machine matzah on shabbat day and the rule is any matzah that that is a regular plain matzah that can be eaten on pasta cannot be eaten the day before pasa in order that the taste of of matzah should be new for us and then we should enjoy it and therefore some people stop eating masa a whole month before pesa some stop eating matzah two weeks before pasak some stop eating matzah a week before pesa but everyone is required to stop eating matzah the day before pesa and therefore shabbat morning and shabbat afternoon for sudashi we're not allowed to eat regular matzah because we have to save the new taste of of matzah for the pesach night therefore you either use matzah that is fried with eggs which changes its taste and therefore it's permitted or we eat egg matsam okay again if a person wants to use bread for the first two meals of shabbat friday night and shabbat morning he can do it but he has to be careful to avoid crumbs and to get rid of it by 10 28. yes shabbat friday night one is allowed to eat whatever he wants either bread again very carefully or regular matzah that is not fried okay now the the mitzvah of saying the haggadah is uh is uh very important it's even more important than drinking four cups why because drinking four cups is rabbinic whereas saying the story of passover is from the torah that means both men and women must participate in it's not enough that the man reads the haggadah the head of the household and everyone is talking or just minding their own business or serving even women who run between the the table and the kitchen must read or listen to haggadah in its entirety and therefore if they know that they're going to be away from the table and will miss part of the haggadah they should have their personal haggadah and catch up and read it can be read in any language that you understand okay next is we have to eat matzah three separate times during the pesach cede one for the mitzvah of matzah uh at the beginning of this of the the seder then we eat a sandwich korek matzah with maro in the middle and then we eat afikomen at the end of the set and we have five rabbinic mitzvot number one is eating bitter herbs maror number two is uh eating the afi komen which is the extra piece of matzah wheat at the end is rabbinic why because we need to remind ourselves of the korban pesach the passage offering that we unfortunately cannot bring now which was eaten right before person becomes satisfied first we would eat um offerings other food and then right before we become satisfied then we would eat pasta offering with matzah the third rabbinic mitzvah is saying hallel we say hale on uh pesach night twice once in the synagogue and once by the set both men and women have to say hallel on pesach night the the next mitzvah is drinking four cups of wine while leaning on your left and the seventh mitzvah for the pesach center is showing royalty showing freedom for that we put out um all our best dishes we put on best clothing we sit comfortably and we lean on the left side and we dip in uh salt water one of the reasons is to show that we are royalty a person who is rich he can afford not only to eat uh plain food but he can avoid he can afford dips to help his appetite this way he will be able to eat more so one of the reasons that we dip in salt water and that that we eat maror is of course because of the bitter herbs because of the bitter tears and salty tears that the jewish people share but another reason is to show aristocrats that we are aristocrats that we have plenty and we even increase our appetite by eating spicy food bitter herbs and dipping in salty water and in in harossa okay now let's go through each one of this mitzvot and speak about the the halachic parameters for them number one matzah every person must eat at least a quesadilla of matzah for each one of the three times and the leader should eat uh two olive size amounts now what is a kazaite kazaite is either a weight of one one ounce which is 28 grams one one ounce that is the strict opinion or it is the volume that a large olive the largest olive that is that that we have occupies and there are three levels therefore number one the strictest is that each kazaite is 1 ounce 28 grams which means that every person by the cedar would have to eat 28 grams of matzo and the leader would eat double that um and for that it's a good idea to have scale to purchase a scale like a postal scale or full scale and measure to have an idea how how heavy your math is a more linear measure for kazaite is 20 grams or or two thirds of an ounce and the leader would eat double of that for the first time and so that is the second opinion again either 28 grams for the strict opinion for the average opinion 20 grams and the lenient opinion says that you can eat a.m for again this lenient opinion is used for elders for sick people and for children uh that is 14 grams again for a person who is healthy adult he should use either 20 grams or 28 grams um and as an example a machine matzah is 28 grams so if you eat uh if you want to eat 20 grams that would be two-thirds of the machine months and hand matzah depends on the thickness and the size of the of the circle and therefore it's again important to practice and to to purchase a scale and to measure uh the mods beforehand either for each individual and put it in bags this will guarantee that everyone is eating enough and that uh and it will save you time during the season okay so again the strictest opinion for eating matzah by the said is 28 grams a whole ounce three times the medium opinion uh 20 grams two thirds of the machine matzah three times and and the most lenient opinion is 14 grams but that should be used for sick people or elderly or children um okay so again the difference between all participants and the leader is that the leader should eat a double portion for the first time that he eats and for afikomin we try to finish the matzah the amount of masada that that is the minimum requirement within seven minutes and preferably without any other food or drink if you can if not you can drink some water to help you swallow it and we eat matzah while leaning on the left side if a person ate masa without leaving he would have to eat matzah again if there is not enough matzah in the the matzah that the person made a blessing on in to divide it among everyone it's okay to use other matsuot from the box and the same is for afrikomen if the afikomin is not enough for everyone you can give a small piece of afikomi to each person and give them additionally a large piece from regular matzah and they have to eat both of them together those of us that have a custom to save a piece of matzah for the entire year you have to make sure that it's a separate piece of matzah because you have to eat a whole ounce or at least 20 grams of matzah for a few common it's not enough just to receive a small of your comment and break it in half put half of it in your pocket and eat a little half you have to eat a whole ounce or at least 20 grams of afikomin at the end of your meal before birkat amazon okay now we continue to the second mitzvah from the torah during the passage and that is telling the story of pesa ideally a person should say the entire if for some reason he cannot at least he has to mention three ideas the idea of pesach why do we eat pasta offering that is because god saved us and he jumped over the houses of the jewish people and he only killed the egyptians uh and now i'm on page 11 of your uh booklet if you in emergency case read just this page for pasta again in emergency case you will fulfill the mitzvah because you will mention the three main points and you explain what does matzah represent what does it symbolize that the jewish people left egypt quickly and they their dough did not have time to rise and marour why do we eat maroor to remember the the bitter life and servitude that the egyptians tormented us with in egypt good now we go to page 12 and we will discuss the four cups of wine every cup of wine must contain at least three ounces of wine or grape juice preferably it should be wine if a person cannot drink wine it can be grape juice or diluted wine with grape juice or it can be low alcohol wine preferably should be red whether it's wine or grape juice it should be red red if a person doesn't have red wine or grape juice he can use a different color um it should be wine that was not pasteurized not cooked not me but if a person will have non jews at the cedar or at home or jewish people that don't keep shabbat he cannot have non-muslim wine so he is allowed to use pasteurized wine a person is required to drink majority of every cup which means the minimum that your cup must contain is three ounces that means a person should drink about two ounces from each cup if however your cup is large and it has five ounces you have to drink majority of that cup so it means you have to drink three if you use a cup that is seven ounces then you have to drink majority of that cup and that is um four ounces so it's for your benefit uh to use the cup that is as close to three ounces as possible just a drop more than three ounces so that you don't have to drink so much and when we drink the wine we should drink preferably without interruption one gulp two three gulps without interruption majority of the cup about about two ounces minimum and we should lean to the left if um if a person does did not lean when he drank the cups he has to drink cups again and leaning to the left means you are actually leaning to the left and you're leaning on something either on the table or the the arm of the chair or on the next person who is sitting next to you but leaning in air doesn't count so if your chair doesn't have a a handle and there's no one sitting next to you that you can lean on then turn sideways and lean on the back of your chair it's not enough to just lean backwards it's not enough to lean in air you have to lean on something so you can lean on the back of your chair while sitting sideways okay now we go to page 13 and we're discussing um how much lettuce to eat the preferred herb to eat for maror for bitter herbs is romaine lettuce and uh we have to eat one ounce twice one for maror when we make the the blessing on it and the second time with korak when we take matzah put maroon and dip it in harossa and again it's preferable to measure it with a food scale if you don't have a food scale then if you're using leaves it's um though the leaves of maror should cover almost the entire page of eight by eleven okay and an important idea about eating eating romaine lettuce is that you have to check it for bugs either you buy romaine lettuce that is bug free from a greenhouse with proper supervision or it it was cleaned at the factory again with proper supervision or you have to learn how to check vegetables um properly yourself and and for that [Music] you can you can find a description on emmett website as well um that will teach you how to clean romaine lettuce we will post the link otherwise you can search yourself online either from starkey oh you or or um another or crc or another um that is reliable okay now we go to page 14. safari juice are allowed to eat rice on pasta however that rice must be unenriched because enriched rice contains vitamins which were delivered onto the rice possibly using hummus and therefore you have to make sure that the rice does not contain any any vitamins in the ingredients or it states on the package unenriched and basmati rice natural jasmine rice is okay brown rice is okay white rice the popular rice kokuho rice whether it is red or yellow is permitted white rice must be checked once to make sure it's pure rice no other grains and brown rice must be checked three times to make sure that it does not contain any other grains if you didn't check rice before pasta uh which you should preferably do you can check it on passover on yomtov but then you can only check enough what you need uh for that day okay on page 15 of the booklet you have foods food items that do not need special passover certification however any food that does not um have passover certification you have to purchase it before passover and page 15 check it it has an extensive list okay now on page 16 we have non-food items that do not require passover certification also very useful list which will make your life easier on page 17 we have a link uh to to a product list from jsor whoever once can can access it there and again page 18 has a list of common medicines that do not require passover certification okay now on page 19 we have um an instruction for the setter plate besides the matsai maror that we mentioned cedar plate also needs carpass which is a vegetable like a radish or carrot or celery which we dip in salt water salt water should also be prepared before shabbat as well as a hard-boiled egg and as as well as a bone with some meat on it that was roasted ideally it will come from a lamb but if you don't have lamb you can use chicken bone with some meat on it that you roasted har rosset which is mixture of nuts and some sweet uh dried fruit or fresh fruit different recipes whatever you use some use dates some use [Music] raisins or apples or combination of any other thing use your traditional recipe and of course we have we have maror and one more hazaret which can also be um lettuce or another vegetable okay there are two different ways to arrange the cedar plate either follow your sidur or or follow yohagada for it at this point i will take questions age 20 and 21 have a detailed guide for the pesader if you need to if you need to ask me a question please unmute yourself let me change the okay very good now if you need you can unmute yourself and ask or you can ask in the chat we have finished the official uh presentation on page 22 of the booklet you have some examples of alcohol beverages that have passover certification every everything else needs to be asked separately okay and on page 23 we have a list of supermarkets that are not jewish owned and you can buy their comments after passover for example costco right aid uh 7-eleven shoprite walmart and walgreens and some and and some other uh supermarkets that are that you can you can shop right after passover okay again if you have questions you're welcome to ask let me open the chat okay you can use baby bottles just by washing them with soap whether they are glass or plastic you can use the same nipples just wash them with soap children toys should be washed children toys that you are not going to use on uh uh passover just put them away and sell them together with your comments but any toys that you're planning to use wash them with soap same with game boards if you want to use them either if you know you kept them clean that's fine if you know that your children made them made them are dirty you you have to wash them with soap uh what about his kebab sticks so first of all let's speak about the mangal the the part upon which you make shish kebab uh you have to of course remove all the old coal and you have to clean out if there are any [Music] fresh okay oh i think we have a little bit of a situation here one second yes now let me look at the other let me look at the chat again i'm going to do mute all but without a live breath a lot of participants sorry everybody okay i think we're good after you remove the coal and you cleaned your mangalo or your grill you fill it with fresh coal you start it once it gets hot you can use it for your pesa meat now what about the sticks the sticks either you have to put them in a self-cleaning oven or before passover all these things you have to do before passover you put them inside the the hot coals you have to cover them with hot coals and after it is after it is um [Music] it is there and it's burnt well you clean them and it's it's good um okay now let me continue looking at the chat i'm going to apologize there's two people that are here with iphones i'm going to have to remove the one that's iphone but i'm not sure who is the person that is writing the in sunset of things that's being posted right now i'm removing both i um iphones oh it seems like they removed themselves okay okay again whoever has questions please uh ask sorry everybody it seems like this is you know we're doing some holy things and of course there's always somebody that's good what about cleaning books on for passover and um any book that you are not bringing to the table doesn't need to be cleaned and therefore it's preferable for on passover not to bring siddurim prayer book benchers to the table to have separate birkat amazon just for passover you you cannot use boiling water to cashew your grill or your your grate or uh sticks for for shish kebab it has to be with fire so again either self-cleaning oven or covered with coals if your if your grill is a gas grill then you also have to clean it very well on the inside and you have to again put the great uh in self cleaning oven or get a new new grate okay any other questions please yes play though should be sold together with the rest of the comments because regular american play-doh is hummus um yes when when you clean children's games it's enough just to go through to make sure there are there is no uh cookie stuck anywhere cheering stuck anywhere but still you don't want to that your children should put their toys in their mouth if they have any hummus that's why it's important to wash the toys um if your counters are formica wash them well with soap and sponge and it's enough um just don't put food directly on them always use plates or [Music] cutting boards wooden desk the same idea as a table just wash it with soap and don't put food directly on it either use plates or have a table cover so on the on the on on thurs on the fr on shabbat night after shabbat leaves we make kidus right before making douche you light your candles and then you light an additional candle for havdallah that candle you bring to the table and by kidus you make the regular kidush then you say the blessing for candles then you make a blessing for allah and then you say no and you leave that candle that it should burn out by itself because on yomto we cannot put out the fire um you can use regular shabbat candles for lighting friday night lighting would say shabbat and lighting sunday night regular shabbat candles just for half dolla if you have a candle with two weeks or you can take two candles and put them together that would be the ideal okay any other questions yes okay the the vacuum bag the reason for the vacuum bag is because um often it it it uh pulls in uh real comments like cookies and cheerios and candy and because it's all in one place it is possible that it uh it will combine and form a kazaid an ounce of hametz so just for as a precaution we we throw out the the garbage bag um and it's true that any any place that i will not have access before during passover uh i don't have to check i can just sell it together together with my humans so under the oven or behind the oven on the refrigerator behind the refrigerator um i don't have to check because i will nullify my comments i will sell my comments and i'm not going to access the comments that's in those places uh dishwasher of course you check but you can cash out the dishwasher by running an empty cycle you we cannot put out half dollar candle the half dollar candle you just put your fingers there and you leave it to burn out by itself that's why don't use the big half dollar candle that you use every day because then you're not going to be able to put it out just take a regular tea light candle or take two little ha hanukkah candles the little ones you put them together and then you leave them that they should burn out by themselves yes we light two candles for each night of yomtov on the plata if you cleaned your platter very well there are no stains it's absolutely clean you can you can pour boiling water on it but you still cannot put any food directly on it pots pans you can put but you cannot put matzah or any food directly on the platter or on the black it has to be covered with aluminum foil first um utensils that are used for cold food even if you wash them together with hummus previously it's enough just to wash them for example core screw or or or can opener as long as it's clean even though you use you you uh washed it with hummus it's enough just to wash it with soap it's not it's it's good uh the the safari custom is that shabbat and yomt of candles are only lit [Music] by one person one set per household with a blessing other people can light but they cannot make a blessing if it's in the same room if it's in a different room and a different family for example can light in their bedroom then they can make a blessing otherwise only one set of candles with a blessing for sephardim on shabbat and yong toe it's okay if the dishwasher is plastic inside it can still be cautious we're just running an empty um cycle okay excellent thank you very much for for listening um we will have other classes relating to pes pesach on monday night hashem next wednesday night we will have this class in russian so invite all your russian-speaking relatives any detergent can be used on passover it's included in the list for non-food items in your booklet any soap any shampoo any dishwashing liquid even without haksha can be used because it is inedible okay thank you have a good night shabbat shalom