Rabbi Binyamin Yuhanan - Step into the Shabbat Home Part 5

[Music] good evening this is the fifth class in this series of laws of Shabbat and today the class is dedicated for the fresh lemon avlb and Rina then is Danube and Leia Natan Elbe and Angela le Ben Shura Shura but free her before Bank CEO and the last name whoever it is Ben yulish everyone should have a freshly mom today we are going to cover a few of the millah hot a few of the forbidden labors on Shabbat today we will start learning about cutting normally it is forbidden to cut something to size if I want to cut a piece of wood to specific size I'm not allowed whether I'm doing it with a store or a knife if I want to cut a piece of paper with scissors or with a knife to a specific size I'm not allowed it's a total prohibition to cut an object to a specific size however that is only for objects that are not food but if I want to cut let's say cake and I want to cut each piece to a specific size let's say I have a family of 8 people and I want to cut the cake into 8 slices that's not a problem I'm allowed to cut cake in equal sizes I'm allowed to cut vegetables I'm allowed to cut fruit or bread challah to specific sizes equal pieces now we have a rabbinic prohibition where I'm not using an instrument but I'm using my hands for example the famous example I'm cutting toilet paper the long perforation this is a rabbinic because I'm not using a tool and I'm not creating something permanent I'm cutting the paper to size and I'm going to throw it out immediately so it's nevertheless forbidden but since it is rabbinic we allow it if there is no other paper available we allow to cut napkin or paper not along perforation and if you need to cut it along perforation then you should do it in an unusual way for example don't hold it with two hands hold it over there just one hand and the other side hold with your elbow and for example if you personally in your house have tissues or you have pre-cut toilet paper that's fine but you visit a friend or relative or you go to a synagogue and they forgot they don't have tissues they don't have pre-cut they have just regular roll so we say in when we're dealing with the rabbinic prohibitions you're allowed to to do it nevertheless if it is for honor of people when we're dealing with not causing people to be embarrassed we are allowed to break a rabbinic prohibition because it was built into the rabbinic prohibition normally you have to keep it but if it's going to cause embarrassment or in such some cases is going to cause suffering then you can be lenient and this is an example where if you don't use it it's going to be embarrassing and therefore we permit it so with objects you're not supposed to cut to size with food you're allowed to cut to size and therefore if let's say you have a cracker that has a perforation in the middle and you can crack it exactly in half that would be permitted for food now what if I want to not cut to size but I want to measure specific size for example I want to use a measuring cup or I want to use a dropper or a tape measure to to cut as a specific amount of a vegetable or a specific amount of pastry is that permitted so even though we we we allow you to cut to a specific size in food but you are not allowed to use instruments that are used to measure specifically and therefore we cannot use a measuring cup on Shabbat and we cannot use any other instrument that that measures precisely the only exception is if you need that food for a mitzvah for example if you want to make sure am i drinking enough wine or grape juice for the Pesach Seder so then I'm allowed to pull it into a measuring cup and see because it's for a mitzvah or you want to know am i eating enough challah to fulfill mitzvot eating in a Sukkah or am i eating enough matzah by the Pesach Seder so they actually sell scale that is mechanical in Jewish stores so that you can actually use it on Shabbat and yom tov to measure your marauder lettuce on Pesa or to measure your matzah and measuring cups that that measure three ounces of grape juice or wine similarly if you have a sick person at home and you have a manual thermometer meaning not electronic the the the mercury or the alcohol thermometer normally I'm not supposed to measure temperature but if somebody is sick then I'm allowed to measure his if he has fever so that I can give him proper those of the medicine just after you use it don't shake it because then you're preparing it for future and you might not need it if you happen to need it again second time on Shabbat you can shake it and measure it second time similarly if you have food cooking on Shabbat you should not use food thermometer to measure the temperature some parts fancy pads they have a cover with a thermometer built into the cover so you can use that part but just make sure not to specifically look at the thermometer because that would not be permitted another example where it would be permitted is if you need to make a formula for a baby since the formula has to be specific you cannot put too much formula therefore since babies are considered sick because if you don't feed them they're very fragile the delicate they might get sick if you don't take proper care so if you give them food or medicine you can use a measuring cup but it's advised advisable not to measure precisely all the line and and check with your eyes that it should be precise just try to approach proximate if it's a little bit more a little bit less that's fine now just quickly what is the reason we cannot measure food it's not because of cutting to size that is the total prohibition but rather it's a rabbinic prohibition related to commerce rabbinical II we're not allowed to do business on Shabbat we're not allowed to buy and sell on Shabbat according to Torah it is permitted to go to a local grocery give them money and take food but the rabbi's forbade it that the market should operate or stores or even privately I cannot come to a friend or neighbor and say I'm out of flour can I please buy it from you not only buying is not allowed rabbinic ly but even borrowing you should not come to your friend and say can you please lend me some flour can you put flour not a Shabbat example but can you lend me some sugar can you lend me a bottle of milk you can say can I please have can you please give me yes can I please have because when you use the language of borrowing or lending it's considered a business transaction and we're not allowed to do business on Shabbat rabbinic Lee what is the concern and the reason why it's forbidden is because usually after each business transaction you write either a contract or a receipt and the writing is forbidden according to Torah therefore the rabbi's said don't do any business transactions on Shabbat that it shouldn't lead to writing and we know whenever you buy in a store they give you a receipt they print it out or in olden times they would keep a record how much the business made what did they sell how much of the Sinister or if somebody cannot pay they would write an a note that such and such person owes us money so business transactions involve writing and therefore whether it is buying whether it is borrowing or even handling money once we forbid business now there is no use for money on Shabbat and therefore money becomes mocked said whether it's coins or bills or credit cards all or checkbook all of that becomes mocktail we cannot handle it we cannot move it not because it's considered work according to torah only the thirty-ninth specific labors are forbidden like building cutting to size writing painting and baking cooking harvesting these are examples of forbidden labors otherwise we are allowed to do work on Shabbat for example we know that you can hire a babysitter to come to your house and babysit you can hire a waiter a Jewish waiter - whether it's in a restaurant or at home a private party how can they work you can you can hire someone to take care of an elderly person the rabbi is hired to teach or to pray on Shabbat for the congregation so you are allowed to work on Shabbat just have to know how to arrange it that it shouldn't be doing business on Shabbat or earning money on Shabbat paying a worker on Shabbat in order to avoid it we don't pay specifically per hour for Shabbat work but rather we included into a weekly paycheck so it's as if we're telling the worker I'm gonna pay you for the whole week not for Shabbat and it's as if I'm paying him more for weekdays and I'm not paying him for Shabbat and therefore if somebody wants to work as a much gear in a restaurant that's open on Shabbat because they have a year or or or Sheva Bravo he's allowed to do it but we don't pay him for the work he does on Shabbat but rather he comes Friday to make sure everything's okay and for that one hour that he comes on Friday we pay him for the whole day but we just paying him for Friday Shabbat it's as if he works for free and therefore technically you're according to Torah you can do business but rabbinical you're not allowed to so that's a good question if if doing business on Shabbat is forbidden rabbinic ly not only that once you are not allowed to do business on Shabbat whatever you're not allowed to do you're not allowed to talk about so if we cannot do business we cannot talk about business we cannot talk about money so how can we in the synagogue on Shabbat in front of aronia Kaddish speak about money and the answer is that since speaking about money and doing business is forbidden only rabbinic ly the rabbi's made specific rules that under certain circumstances to allow you to do that and that is just like we said the rabbi's forbade you to ask a non Jew to do work for you on Shabbat so to the rabbi's permitted you to ask a non Jew if you need it for communal Mitzvah so the same thing here you're not allowed to do business and you're not allowed to speak about business and about money on Shabbat but if it involves a mitzvah you're allowed to and the reason is because they said since many people come to synagogue on Shabbat if we don't allow it on Shabbat then the communal matters will not be taking care of because during the weekday everybody's busy busy Fields at the job site and you wouldn't be able to discuss it you wouldn't be able to get commitments from people and therefore anything that relates to a mitzvah or anything that relates to communal work you allow to speak about on Shabbat if there is no other opportunity during the week so therefore let's say you have a synagogue board of directors and they're busy they cannot meet on week day they can get together on Shabbat and speak about how what programs to do in a synagogue who to hire and and and so on even even what to build and other programs on Shabbat because it's for community and therefore it's perfectly permitted to sell a liad and it's permitted to bid it's not considered a saint the opposite it's a mitzvah yes excellent question since Jewish people are not allowed to keep their stores open on Shabbat but we are allowed to go to a neighbor Jew or non-jew and we can ask them for food or cups plasticware as long as we don't mention money and borrowing similarly I can go to a non-jewish store that they know and trust me and without mentioning price and without mentioning weight I can tell them can I take this and he knows yes he you informed him and he knows that after Shabbat you're gonna come and pay that's permitted and in fact they do that in Jewish neighborhoods where they have non-jewish stores like on Main Street there is a liquor store that's open on Shabbat so if anybody needs they stand by the storefront and they wave to the to the owner because they cannot come in there's a large alarm system that rings when any customer walks in so they waived the non Jew comes out and they tell them I need the bottle of this and that he brings it out to them and that's it then the non Jew goes back into the store he writes down for himself who took what and after Shabbat they go in and they pay them they they they they can ask you for information because as far as you're concerned you don't want them to write it down they are writing it down for themselves to remember they're not doing it for you so they that's fine they are allowed to write it down because they are only doing it for themselves if they could remember every one these names and what they bought they would do it just for their own convenience for their own benefit they're writing it down so therefore as long as you inform the non-jews that you are gonna do that and they they know you and they trust you and you don't mention money and you don't mention weight like I need a pound of this I need a dozen of that I need a gallon of that you don't mention weight or measure and you don't mention price you can ask an in a non-jewish store for food or items and bring them home don't say I'll pay you later because then it turns into a business transaction and by the way that is the one of the reasons why we are allowed to carry on Yom Tov since on yom tov we are allowed to cook food prepare food part of prepare food preparation is bringing food from the market and in order to bring food from the market i have to carry even if there is no a roof and therefore we're allowed to care on Yom Tov even without a rule if I need it for you on top if it is a Jewish neighborhood yeah that's fine since what you doing is permitted then the laws of maritime don't apply that if they would know the halacha they wouldn't suspect that you're doing something wrong so the fact that they're suspecting is just out of ignorance and we don't worry about merit Hawaiian for ignorant people if a normal person who knows hahaha will still make a mistake then you're not allowed to do it for example before we had almond and rice milk if somebody sees you that you you're drinking some white liquid together with your meat meal they would suspect that it is milk any normal person because there's no other option but now that we have almond milk and rice milk it's more lenient but at that time you know hahaha you're not allowed to mix and every normal person would suspect you so at that time you were not allowed to drink almond milk with your meat meal without putting some some kind of a reminder for people like a carton of almond milk in front of you that people should see oh that's what he is drinking but if they just don't know the law and that is why they they are suspecting you then it's not your problem okay now going to the next topic that is - in Hebrew which means thrashing thrashing with in after you harvest grain the grain grows on a stalk and you have to separate the stalk the the colonel from the rest of the stock the chaff so how do you do that you apply pressure and movement friction to the stock and that separates the chaff from the kernel they sell something like that for garlic it's a it's a rubber pipe you put a few garlic's in there and you rub it and the rubber pipe pulls on the peals of the rubber and after a few movements the peel of the garlic falls off and the garlic falls out clean yeah that's that you cannot use on Shabbat right but you can this is an example of Dutch where you apply pressure and movement and with that you separate the shell from the kernel so that is prohibited according to Torah on Shabbat therefore if I have food that is in a in a shell I cannot apply pressure and rub it with my hands or with any other utensil to extract the kernels for example if I have peanuts peanuts is an example where you have kernels inside the shell so I cannot take a peanut and go like this with my hands to break it the only way I can do it is with my fingertips one at a time some people do that or you can put it on the table and roll it so that would not be allowed on Shabbat only on our own or no only with fingertips one at a time you take a peanut you break it you take the kernel you eat it similarly with pistachios I can break one at a time and eat but I cannot put a few and go like that or with a plate or another instrument and and put apply pressure or example we brought with garlic I cannot do it I have to peel it by hand one at a time no eggs is this is only for things that grow on the ground and and one more example is green peas that are still in a pod if you go in in a such motion with your whole palm pressing one pound against another that is not allowed but you can again split it with your fingertips one at a time that is fine in the mouth everything is permitted you most things that you're not allowed to do with your hands you can do it with your mouth because that is considered normal way of eating whether you want to separate separates a pit or suck out juice from a fruit you cannot do it with your hands but you can do it with your mouth and here also for example I can take a seed like sunflower seed and I could break it with my mouth or I can break it with my hands but if I'm using a utensil to crack a nut for example a walnut or an almond I can use the utensil but I can only crack one nut at a time and eat it I cannot make a collection crack a few of them have a collection and then eat because you're using the tool and it looks like you're saving it for future you're making a hole payal even if you know take one give it to your child take one put it in your mouth and then you can continue cracking the nuts yes if you're doing it with your fingertips there is no prohibition you can collect a few as long as you're planning to eat them soon after but if you're using the utensil like a like a what is it called a nutcracker then you can only crack one at a time and eat it now we're going to the next melaka that is called Zara Zara means that after I crush the the stalks and I separate the chaff from the kernel now it's all mixed I have to separate it how do I remove the chaff they would take a shovel throw the whole mixture of kernels and chaff into the air the wind would come blow and the the chaff since it's light it would be removed blown away by the wind and the kernels would fall back down and they would do it many times until it's only kernels left so similarly we cannot let's say you crush a walnut and then there are little pieces mixed together with a nut I cannot take it on my hand and blow on it to let the the the white pieces fly away or with pistachios also you have some little pieces I cannot blow on it or after peeling garlic or onion if I have little thin membranes and shells I cannot blow on it because this is similar to using wind to separate good from bad so what is the way to do it what I can do is I can take it into my hand and I can just throw it up and down not even from one hand to another one hand to another that is not allowed without blowing without blown the only permitted way is just to throw it up and allow the the shells to fall by themselves fly off and and let the the nuts fall in my hand for sure another option yes another option is to actually take out the good from the mixture yeah if it's stuck you just take it with two hands and you separate it right you just cannot use wind to separate good from bad you're allowed to take it off with your finger but once it's separate you cannot blow on it that the shell should fly away okay now something connected to this is can I use a spray any spray whether it is daughter and whether it is oil or or water let's say you're hot on a summer day and you just want to spray some water on your face can I take a water sprayer and and spray it or I'm using the power of the propellant would order the gas inside or this mechanism to spray water or the liquid it's something that looks like it it's it looks like zora because the the wind comes and carries whatever the material is away from you so can I use a spray that has pressurized the air inside and with that pressure it's gonna spray the liquid far away and the answer is yes because I'm not using wind to separate good from bad I'm just spreading whatever there is a long distance you can spray the oil with the other end you have to be careful that it should go on your clothing you can spray whether it's perfume or the other end directly on skin but not on clothing or other objects not because of staining because there is a separate rabbinic prohibition not to infuse smell into objects odor into objects I can apply to myself but not to objects when you apply to yourself it's considered temporary because as soon is going to dissipate it you're going to wash it off but when you apply to clothing it can stay there for months and years yeah for here it's permitted but not on anything that's not your hair any excess of your hat or a wig that wouldn't be permitted or only natural here because that's that's your body okay yeah [Music] that's a lot of allowed with the audience you can use either spray deodorant or roll on because that's liquid the the solid one you cannot use or a gel only liquid so the roll-on liquid is permitted yes but not on a clothing yes okay next next melaka is called Selita Selita means squeezing extracting juice from fruits and vegetables this is a subcategory of - what we said that you apply pressure to separate the kernel from the shell here you're applying pressure to the fruit and you're extracting the juice out of it so depending on what kind of fruit it is it could be either the right order a banana if it's a kind of fruit that is regularly or majority of its use is for juice then it's prohibited according to Torah and we have two examples of that one is grapes since grapes are mainly used for greater than wine more than for food majority of grapes in the world are used for winemaking and juice so you cannot squeeze grapes according to Torah and olives because majority of Olives in the world are grown for olive oil not for food and therefore we're not allowed to squeeze olives fresh olives for their juice olives that are pickled there is no oil in them anymore because all the oil was extracted for their own use and replaced with brine those olives is not it's not forbidden to squeeze now next category is Rabbinical forbidden and that is where it's used the majority of that fruit or vegetable is used for food but it is also regularly used for juices but only minority that is forbidden rabbinic li and that is all there are the fruits and vegetables like like apples pears watermelon pomegranate all kinds of berries most modern fruits fall into this category that it's rabbinic leaf forbidden to squeeze them and here the rabbi has allowed us to squeeze them into food because only if you want to extract the juice from the fruit it's forbidden but if I'm not interesting in the juice to drink I just want to enhance my food the rabbi is allowed it so I'm allowed to take any fruit and squeeze it into the food right and not into the liquid not into an empty cup and not into a juice another juice but into food I'm allowed to for example I can take an orange and squeeze it into my salad or it onto my fish but not into an empty cup and not into another juice yes so let's go to the next category and that is the category that is never squeezed for drinking the juice by itself and one of the main examples is a lemon most people if not 99% will not squeeze the lemon to drink his juice straight rather they squeeze the lemon to use its juice in in as an ingredient in other foods or drinks therefore we we are allowed to squeeze lemon both into food and drink but preferably not into empty Cup so therefore if I want to make lemon lemonade I don't have to squeeze it onto food although Ashkenazim are strict and they require that even lemon has to be squeezed into food so they take sugar and they first squeeze the lemon onto sugar so that the sugar absorbs the lemon and then they add water to make lemonade I can't Rousseff item that is a preferable way because this way you will cover all opinions to squeeze lemon onto sugar first and then add add water but according to us you are allowed to squeeze lemon into the water directly so you can recommend your relatives if they you want lemon juice to first put some water into the cup and then squeeze lemon into that water that would be permitted yes yes as long as when they start there is some water in the cup for no for any anybody if you want something sour so take a little water squeeze lemon into it and drink it you cannot do it with other fruits but with lemon you're allowed to because lemon is never used for drinking straight so therefore it's not considered a drink it's considered food because we always add it as an ingredient too into other foods so that's a good question what about a breast milk breast milk falls under the same category or subcategory of - of threshing that you're extracting milk from its container and therefore we shouldn't do it but since it's only forbidden or biblically if it causes pain to a woman she can do it by hand or if she needs to feed the baby and the baby cannot drink directly then she can also squeeze it either by hand or manual pump or with an electric pump on a timer but it is preferable to use electric pump with the timer so if you know that you need to nurse your baby regularly let's say every 4 hours so you set your pump to turn on forever every four hours for half an hour once it's it's on you extract the milk and then the pump turns off by itself you feed the baby but otherwise if the baby doesn't need you're not allowed to collect the milk it has to go to waste right away yes both if it's because of pain or you just don't want your your milk supply to stop let's say the baby is not hungry but let's say ha special um the baby is not feeling well and for day 2 it just doesn't want it nurse you don't want your milk to supply to stop so you continue extracting in the milk so on the weekday you use the pump what do you do on Shabbat so either you set up electric pump on timer or you use manual pump but it has to go to waste because your baby doesn't need it right away and even if so you pump it then manually or you save it for them because they need it you cannot save it if you know the baby doesn't need it let's say yes let's say you have some milk saved from before and you know that this milk the baby is not going to need you're only doing it to protect your milk milk supply or to relieve the pressure so it has to go straight into to waste it into a sink or into a container but you have to put some soap into the container that you attach to the electric pump or to the manual pump so again you have three options either by hand or with a manual pump or preferably with electric pump on the timer because manually with a manual pump you're actually activating the pump every time with your own hand as opposed to electric pump you're not doing anything you're just attaching the the suction cups and it's being done automatically so there is less involvement and that is more more a preferable way next what's called Makeba pati Sh that's another melaka means finishing touch finishing an object if you you have an object that's not quite finished and you just need to fit in the last piece or give it the last hit with a with a hammer just do the last step of the process and the utensil is going to be ready finished even though that my new thing by itself is not significant separately but because you are attaching it to an almost ready product it becomes significant so that is forbidden for objects what about to food so there is a mass locket about food according to some you're not allowed to put finishing touch on food but the halacha follows the opinion that you are allowed to improve food give the last finishing touches on food on Shabbat now for example I'm allowed to take almonds that are very dry and I can put them in water for a couple hours and let them absorb the water to moisten them even though I made them right now edible I made them better I improved them on Shabbat nevertheless that's permitted even if before they were so dry I couldn't eat them and now I can the only way that we are not allowed to prepare food is with fire that's cooking but other ways of preparing food for example the food is very hard and I want to slice it thinly so that I can chew on it I'm allowed to do it or moist in it grating so on on Yom Tov you can grate but on Shabbat that you can cut with a knife small pieces but not use a utensil that that's designed for mass production right you garlic also you should cut instead of using the garlic press that's on Shabbat on Yom Tov you can use a grater and garlic press the next yeah that's a good question when that's a good question the question is if you find a nail sticking out either from a floorboard or furniture or chair what can you do so regularly banking and a nail or improving something is born a which means construction and we're not allowed to use it and like it's mentioned utensil instruments tools that are used for construction are also moved said so preferably you should you should either cover the nail with something put a chair or bed or couch over it if it's a chair just move it to another room put an extra pillow on top and not and and and don't bang it in because that is prohibited either according to Torah if you if you improving the house or improving the chair or rabbinic ly if you're not improving it but you just been bending it for example eventually you after Shabbat you'll have to remove it anyway because it's bent but still better not do it now to address your comment are you allowed to use a hammer on Shabbat and that is permitted under certain circumstances a hammer is allowed to be used on Shabbat for four permissible use for example if I have a nut and I don't have a nut cracker so I'm allowed to take a hammer or pliers and crack the nut but of course for other uses that hammer is usually use I cannot use it and and another example of something dangerous is what if glass breaks on Shabbat once the glass is once the cup is broken it has no use so each individual piece is muck then I cannot just take that piece and say oh let me look through it let me play with it let me cut something with it it smokes a however whenever there is danger I'm allowed to move mukha say because Moxie is only Rebennack and I'm allowed to either pick it up with my hands or preferably to move it with a broom that's not forbidden and since it's dangerous if the if glass or if nails spilled on the floor screws sense of dangers I can sweep them away if it's bare floor then don't use a broom we're not supposed to use the broom on bare floor it's not so common right on Shabbat bare floor means dirt floor if you have tiles carpet or wood that's not a problem you can use a broom no bare floor is outside as long as it's not earth you can use the broom yes okay now something that we spoke about is putting out flame fire on Shabbat of course that is not allowed whether to raise the flame or lower the flame and on Yom Tov the the only way to raise the flame or lower the flame is if the food needs it if the food is burning I can lower the flame if the food is not cooking not boiling I can raise the flame but I cannot turn it off because usually food doesn't need the fire to be turned off I can just move the food away move it to another part of the stove that's not on only if the food needs it so the only way I would be allowed to turn the fire off if the food needs it for example let's say I'm making some kind of delicate dish that after it's finished I have to lower the flame and then after a while I have to turn the off the flame and I cannot touch it until it cools down let's say so then since I cannot move it to another part of the stove and I need the fire off so then I would be allowed to but if I can move it to another place then I'm not allowed to turn off the fire off or if you can imagine a play and an example where there is absolutely no place to move the pot it's finished cooking now I want to serve it and I have no place to put it so then the only place to keep it is on on that part of the stove I don't have any other place which is unlikely then I would be allowed to turn the fire off because the food needs it otherwise it's gonna get burnt but that's that's only on Yom Tov right Oh everything I said so far is only on Yom Tov Shabbat we cannot touch the flame not raise not lower yes so what do you do on Yom Tov if you have too many fires and and you don't want so many flames on so the the only way is to take a small pot fill it up with water put it open over the fire let the water boil spill over the fire is gonna go out and right after when it goes out you can turn the knob off but then you have to use that water for tea or for washing hands so that you you don't cook it for nothing so if you cannot do that then you cannot you cannot turn it off right what is not honest is if you can find another place then no if you have another part of the stove that's still doesn't have the fire on then you have to move it there if you can protect it with the chair or anything else put it further away from the edge you have to do that this is not so practical that you would be able to directly turn the fire off you have to chase them out of the kitchen this is on Yom Tov it's a rabbinical prohibition yes that is why if there are some leniency but but if you have such a problem you can get a small stovetop electrical one and put it on a timer whenever you don't need it it's gonna turn off yes yes the design your design your life in such a way to to prevent these issues by a stove that's not so expensive or has sealed burners or dry it afterwards you have to figure out your life because this is something you will live with every Yom Tov so either get a hot plate get a an electric burner yes yes whenever the flame goes out whether your Tavo Shabbat once the flame is not there I can turn the knob off if there is no lighter electric lighter then you can do it regular hand because it's just like turning the faucet off the water faucet on on Yom Tov we can transfer fire from one to another if you started more fires you cannot turn them off so many people what they do is they pre cook whatever can be precooked before Yom Tov and either you refrigerate it or you freeze it and that makes your life easier on yom tov you can enjoy the holiday that you don't have to stand in the kitchen the whole day you just take it out from the freezer refrigerator and just warm it up and then you don't need as many fires used in a Monday something at the Monday night yes on yom tov we cannot cook for the next day even if next days yom tov but i cannot prepare for one yom talk to the next Ianto the only time it's permitted is about 25 minutes after sunset you can start preparing for the next day unless you're accepting the next yom tov early we are allowed to accept the next day yom tov earlier by lighting the candles earlier and having the meal earlier so for example it's not so common but if you can find such a minyan that prays like on Shabbat early Shabbat they prey on onion Tov early both min ha are avid and they come home while it's still daytime before skia so from the moment you light candles and you except for you and from the moment they the man pray our vide for them it's the next day already and you can already prepare for the next day but under normal circumstance you have to wait about 25 minutes after sunset to prepare for the next day so that's another reason why it's good to pre cook food before you Anto you make your life easier that way okay so again Shabbat we cannot cook we cannot raise flame we cannot lower flame on yom tov we can cook and therefore we can raise flame and lower frame if the flame if the food needs it but we cannot under normal circumstances turn off the flame unless we do a trick we cause the fire to go out by boiling water over it and then turning off the flame and then you have to yes you have to use that water because you can only warm up water on Yom Tov if you need it for drink or for washing yeah you should not specifically increase the portion of the food you're making but if you're making it early enough and there is a chance that maybe your family is going to be hungry or maybe you'll have guests and they're going to eat it then you can do it because you potentially are preparing for that day but you shouldn't have specific intent that I'm doing it for the next day okay yes on yom tov we cannot prepare for next yom tov and not for the weekday next is what's called a torah prohibition of born a building and a rabbinic prohibition of no loud or molly'd of creating something new as it applies to food are we allowed to make ice cubes on Shabbat seemingly making ice cubes is creating something new I take liquid and I turn it into solid I take something that doesn't have shape and I give it specific shape so since you're not doing it with your hands but rather it happens by itself we are allowed to fill up a tray with water and put it in a freezer but only if you're planning to use it on Shabbat for example on Shabbat you used up all your ice cubes and you say oh let me fill them up again so that later tonight or tomorrow which is going to be already Malaysian about or Sunday we're we're going to have ice then I'm not allowed to fill up the tray with that I cannot fill up the tray with water to freeze it because I'm only planning to use the ice cubes the next day but to use it on Shabbat I can since I'm not allowed to prepare on Shabbat for a weekday if it's hot and I really need it and I'm out of ice I can make ice cubes on Shabbat Ashkenazim are more strict about it Safari mama lenient however of course it's preferable to prepare ice before Shabbat and what about melting ice so just like I can make ice from water I can melt ice because it happens by itself for example I can put ice into my drink and it's gonna melt by itself however I cannot crush ice because as I'm crushing the ice it causes it to melt faster and therefore I can take the ice cubes from the freezer I can separate them from the tray I can put them in wherever I want but afterwards I cannot shake it and I cannot crush it is it true that if I have my freezer has an icemaker the problem with automatic icemaker is that as soon as you take some ice out it feels that it needs to make more ice and just like using hot water on Shabbat as soon as you open hot water faucet the pressure in the boiler goes down because now there is less water and that causes cold water to go into the boiler and you're causing the cooking of that water so here also you're directly by taking the ice out you causing the that lever to go down and produce more ice the motor starts working and and and therefore preferably you should not use it unless you hear it's it's it's making ice anyway so if you turn that feature off either you men put something under that lever to keep it always high and even though the ice is decreasing it doesn't feel it because it's always up then you're allowed to so with the fridge it is possible that when I open the door the warm air is gonna go in and it's gonna turn on the motor but because it's not for sure it could be when I'm gonna close it only after a few minutes then is going to turn on therefore safe are them a lenient and we allow you to open the refrigerator or freezer anytime you want because it's not for sure Ashkenazi some of them are strict and they wait to hear the motor once the motor is on then they open the refrigerator to a freezer because the motor is already on even if the warm goes in it doesn't cause the motor to turn on it just causes it to continue working and that's okay but again according to safar them you can be strict but you don't have to and one more example of creation of mow lead am I allowed to use whipped cream you know the thing that you press and it shoots out the the whipped cream to decorate a cake or ice cream or am i creating in the bottle in that container it's pressurized liquid when I press the button is going to release the pressure and it's going to fly out as puff as a foam is that permitted spraying its liquid inside and it's liquid outside I'm just spraying the water but it stays water just tiny droplets of water here I'm taking liquid and I'm turning it to into foam which now yeah but that happens by itself with time you put it in and then an hour later it turns into ice here by pressing that button you cause it to fly out and turn into foam and similarly can I use a soap dispenser dispenser that turns the liquid soap into a foam so Ashkenazim are strict about it they don't allow it but safari diem are permitted to use such things both the soap and the whip whipped cream we can use on Shabbat with this I'm gonna stop the new material if you have questions you may ask yes on the first day of Yom Tov you cannot prepare for the second day of Yom Tov because according to Torah there is only one day of Yom Tov the second day of Yom Tov is really a wicked week day according to Torah so by preparing on the first day for the second I am actually preparing on yom tov for weekday and even if it doesn't involve work I'm not cooking I'm not turning the fire on I'm just moving cheers I'm just cleaning up I'm just setting the table even that is not allowed you have to wait until 7:00 55 now you don't have to worry because sunset is 6:40 on Rosh Hashanah so you only have to wait until 7:05 you still have 55 minutes to prepare you can do everything at that time yeah yes of course it says yes whatever you can prepare certain things freeze well certain things even in the refrigerator they well nobody's gonna know that you made it a week ago six months ago yes yes yes you have to be you know use the imagination how to figure no any preparation any preparation if you plan to use it on Yom Tov itself and the remainder whatever is left you're gonna use the next day that's okay but you cannot on purpose you cannot on purpose trick the system and say I'm gonna add more pieces yes that's okay yes that's okay to put the whole pot on a flame because I need it now I don't want to separate into a different part warm added up I can put the whole pot on of course you have to think about you have to prepare in advance it says is the whoo ha ha ha rotten a lot who is a wise man one who foresees the future and therefore if you know that the situation is going to arise prepare for it by buying certain equipment utensils by adjusting your habits not to cook everything on the day preparing even if it's not so delicious it's better to keep the laws properly than to too why not for you to make one oh yes yes no you can no no anything your fries raw is fine you can make gosh guitar and freeze it before baking Monty Meany you can freeze it before baking before cooking you can yes yes you can either keep the other node or Monty you don't need oven appeal meanie you don't need oven you can make roast you can make tongue you can make different kinds of meat and meat freezes very well nobody is ever gonna know that it wasn't roasted today you could just cut fresh onions and and but then but the meat is ready from before right you can actually cut no you can for example you can you can prepare meat the right size you can cut up carrots and freeze them right especially since we don't start our meals with the main course by the time they sing by the time they make you do by time they're Wars by time they eat bread and fish yes yes that is why we rely on our children on our spouses on our guests as soon as he comes as soon as he comes no dirty table if if you are in a room and it bothers you the dirt III can remove all the dirt and clean because I'm doing it for now now I want a few yeah you can put them straight but you cannot bring new chairs from the basement because you don't need them now they're not bothering you in the basement yesugai is a different law in your favor that you we have to keep suka clean and therefore you can clean the table in a Sukkah but to put new plates you cannot to to bring new chairs from outside you cannot until 25 minutes after sunset yes you can clean the table if you are in that room and it bothers you if after you eat you don't go in until the night time so again either you or your children or your husband if they are in that room and they want to use the table or they just resting on a couch and just doesn't look nice you can clean because it's to make your table more honorable to create a clean festive atmosphere that's permitted you can sweep the floor you can clean the table we talked about setting up for the next meal cleaning up is for now setting up is for the next meal okay shabbat shalom hug Samir Shanah Tovah me to car Deva Katta Madhava